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    2016.3

    History
  • Ivaschenko A.S.
    The reasons of dynamic development of the Japanese economy and its characteristic features (the second half of the 20th – the early 21st centuries)

    Experience in creation of hi-tech innovative dynamic economy is demanded now by the world community on the whole and by our country, in particular. An example of such positive experience is economic development of Japan. The aim of this paper is to identify the reasons of intensive development of the Japanese economy and its characteristic features during the post-industrial period.

    pdf 15-23.pdf  (216 Kb)

  • Karakhanov S.S.
    Traditional food of Lezghins-Karchagts in the 19th – the early 20th centuries

    The paper explores the traditional food of Lezghins-Karchagts of Southern Daghestan which is closely related to ecological conditions, the geographical environment and economic occupations. The important place in a food allowance was taken by flour, dairy, meat and vegetable products. The majority of dishes have the analogs in cuisine of the Lezghin people on the whole and other people of Daghestan. As a result of ethnocultural impact a number of dishes of the Lezghin, Azerbaijan and Tabasarants people were borrowed by Karchagets. Some products widespread in Daghestan (urbech, a bouza, corn khinkal, figured bread) almost do not occur at Lezghins-Karchagts.

    pdf 24-33.pdf  (145 Kb)

  • Shebzukhova F.Kh.
    Features of national suburb governance in the Russian Empire at a boundary of the 19-20th centuries

    In the paper, an attempt is undertaken to define major factors of formation of national policy of the Russian Empire at a boundary of the 19-20th centuries and to reveal interrelation between the social, economic and cultural level of development of national suburbs and government measures concerning their integration into structure of the empire. It is inferred that the official documents defining the principles of national policy of the Empire in general did not exist, the policy was developed in relation to the specific people at this or that specific stage of development of the Russian statehood.

    pdf 34-42.pdf  (185 Kb)

    Sociology
  • Bersirova S.A., Bersirov T.B.
    Sociolinguistic factors of impact on language

    The paper examines the essence of language not only from the point of view of linguistics as the scientific study of language, but also from the point of view of sociology, the study of society. The public essence of language as the communication medium and an important element of public life is designated.

    pdf 43-47.pdf  (154 Kb)

  • Vereschagina A.V., Imgrunt S.I., Samygin S.I.
    Social inequality in Russia: functional and dysfunctional consequences in the context of a homeland security and the prospects of future development of the country

    The paper is devoted to the analysis of social inequality in the Russian modern society. Specifics of the developed system of inequality, its dynamics and sources of reproduction at the present stage are investigated. In the context of the analysis of functional and dysfunctional consequences of social inequality, the publication sheds light on such lines of the Russian system of inequality as profound social polarization and weak vertical mobility. This allowed the authors to draw a conclusion about the threats to Russia security from the point of view of the prospects of its future development.

    pdf 48-55.pdf  (179 Kb)

  • Volkov Yu.G., Kulikov S.P., Glushkova S.A.
    The main strategy of patriotism regeneration in the Russian society and risks of imitation

    This work offers the authors’ view of patriotism regeneration in modern Russia which, in their opinion, is implemented within resuscitation of historically created state patriotism with the appeal to the great-power ambitions put at the level of mass consciousness like love to the Fatherland. Actualization of imperial ambitions in the policy pursued by the leaders of the Russian state against the background of a number of the events, which received powerful patriotic elucidation in the Russian media, "awakened", at the level of collective unconscious (mentality), the patriotism which is historically associated with image of the strong state having nothing in common with civil patriotism, corresponding to democratic states.

    pdf 56-63.pdf  (172 Kb)

  • Kireev G.A.
    The economic sphere in structure of interaction with system of social management

    This paper emphasizes that the economic sphere of the Russian society reached a condition of market self-control that influences formation of qualitatively new parameters of interaction with system of social management. It is inferred that actors of economic activity have no consolidated position concerning the purposes and priorities of social management in the Russian society, based on a formula of limited social liability.

    pdf 64-71.pdf  (133 Kb)

  • Krivopuskov V.V.
    Concept "the Russian world" in a sociological discourse: the aspect of civilization identity

    The paper discusses the features of a sociological discourse about "the Russian world" within the civilization approach. The author shows the need of a sociological reflection for scientific conceptualization of this concept, as well as cultural reconstruction of a number of the lost identification characteristics for a situation of intensive global changes. "The Russian world" is interpreted as the narrative construct with the value and semantic loading originating in the area of ethnic unconscious mentality creating the basis for new civilization identification of Russians, territorial localization of which is not tied to physical borders of Russia. This reflects process of deformation, complication and hybridization of the Russian identity.

    pdf 72-79.pdf  (175 Kb)

  • Serdyuk E.G.
    Religiousness in the context of transformation of religious consciousness

    The paper focuses attention on correlation of the concepts "transformation", "sociocultural transformation", "religious consciousness" and "religiousness". Life of the modern person is difficult and unpredictable, is accompanied by the high level of uneasiness in the conditions of limited own choice. It is necessary to agree with the fact that today human society exists in a situation of instability and discrepancy complicated in its turn by the high level of dynamism and diversity of the happening events the speed of change of which often does not allow us to realize their essence, consequences and the importance for the person. Besides, for the Russian society the situation is aggravated with increase of tension of the international relations which can be estimated as crisis for today. The analysis of the confessional relations in the country gives the chance to reveal the laws of the occurring events in the spiritual sphere and to define tendencies of possible further development of interfaith processes in aspect of the general international political and economic world changes.

    pdf 80-87.pdf  (174 Kb)

  • Khapova Z.A.
    Social well-being: problems and contradictions of a definition in the context of sociological approach

    In the present paper, the author addresses urgent methodological problems of studying social well-being. Analyzing specifics of conceptualization of the concept "social well-being" within the approaches existing in sociology, the author emphasizes a multiaspectuality of the considered definition and reveals the main problems and contradictions determined by approach to sociological studying social well-being.

    pdf 88-94.pdf  (167 Kb)

  • Shabalova I.O.
    Features of poetry perception by the Russian and French students: comparative analysis

    The results of poll of 50 French students of philological faculty of University of Bordeaux 1 III and 50 Russian students of faculty of foreign languages and regional studies of Lomonosov Moscow State University are compared to detect the cultural distinctions of poetry perception by French and Russians, defining problems of cross-cultural communication between Russia and France.

    pdf 95-101.pdf  (173 Kb)

    Culturology
  • Afasizhev M.N., Khanakhu R.A.
    Art as ideal project and artistic creativity: statement of a problem

    The paper investigates the universal paradigm of essence, logical sequence and functions of creativity. It is proved that in all products of cultural activity ideal and projective phenomena are formed in the beginning, subsequently their embodiments are implemented in material and esthetic forms, products of artistic creativity. Examples are given to show how "the ideal project - creativity" paradigm was most visibly and versatily manifested in different types of art in the course of their historical development.

    pdf 102-112.pdf  (153 Kb)

  • Akhokhova E.A., Katanchiev Z.M.
    Gender conflict in mythological consciousness (from material of the Adyghe traditional culture)

    An analysis is made of the gender conflict in mythological consciousness using an example of the Adyghe traditional culture. The authors of this paper examine the concept about binary opposition in the Adyghe pantheon by gender distinction where gods of "Tkhye" and "Psetkhye" are machismo and feminine of the world and life that sacralized the sociorole parity characteristic of the Adyghe mentality in the pre-Islamic period.

    pdf 113-120.pdf  (140 Kb)

  • Zhernovaya O.R., Petrukovich L.A.
       Linguocultural phenomenon of political correctness (the case of the USA)   

    The term "political correctness" was included into a public lexicon in the late seventies. It describes practice of use of the speech which corresponds to liberal opinion, avoiding use in language of the phrases offending social minorities. There is a set of arguments of pros and cons of "political correctness". First of all, we want to emphasize that political correctness sets the purpose - to reach a certain balance of the organizations of society. Generally process has very positive, humanitarian motives. In practice, however, "political correctness" can reach ridiculous extremes which limit freedom of expression.

    pdf 121-126.pdf  (161 Kb)

  • Karasev N.A.
    Formation of a monkhood as an empirical way of knowledge of God

    In this paper the monkhood is investigated as the phenomenon of Christian life which played the major role in development of tradition of empirical mystical knowledge of God. The author briefly characterizes history of development of monkhood and describes the symbolical value of a privacy and chastity in monastic spiritual life. In conclusion the author discloses steps of spiritual development which a devotee passes in the spiritual formation, up to the highest state –deification.

    pdf 127-132.pdf  (161 Kb)

  • Koroplyasova E.V.
    Educational activity of Orthodox youth movement in the Volga region in 2000-2012

    In the paper, an analysis is made of youth work of Russian Orthodox Church in those dioceses which are in the territory of the second in number Volga region. The region is various in ethnoconfessional structure: in a number of subjects the Muslim population lives in a large number, but in general prevalence of the Orthodoxy oriented population is noted. The paper is written with application of a historical and comparative method of research. The information publishing activities are analyzed in more detail.

    pdf 133-138.pdf  (159 Kb)

  • Novikova E.G.
    Originality of "visual culture" of modern Canada in the context of the Canadian cultural science

    The interpretation of the term "visual culture", as with its structure, in cultural science and philosophy of Canada differs from an interpretation of the similar term in Europe and the Russian Federation. Canadians allocate "visual art forms", including fine arts, photo, polygraphy and book publishing, park traditions and landscaping, architecture and city sculpture. At the same time in Canada figurativeness and visual perception of the called art forms and their close interaction are paid great attention. This publication also shows short history of formation of a scientific platform of the Canadian cultural science beginning with the same research tendencies as literary criticism of Canada at a boundary of the 20-21st centuries.

    pdf 139-146.pdf  (171 Kb)

  • Suvorkina E.N.
    "Shift studies": experience of children’s and adult word creation

    The paper deals with the specifics of children's and adult word creation on the basis of practical examples. Results of research the purpose of which was to assess efficiency of identification of word-formation innovations (child / adult) are presented. It has been found that the authorship attribution is quite difficult. It forms the basis for the statement about the equivalent value of nonce words of children and adults.

    pdf 147-153.pdf  (167 Kb)

    The Economic Theory
  • Miroshnichenko M.B.
    Structural transformations at the meso level from the growth model crisis perspective

    The paper deals with the relationship between structural transformations of the regional economy and the crisis process of the growth model. It analyses territorial localizations that arise in the internal environment of the territories and possess a significant potential for increment of competitiveness. The author substantiates that trends of modern structural transformations in the global economy and the features of the crisis of the model of economic growth set vectors and concrete forms of structural transformations at the meso level of the economy in modern Russia. The conceptual idea of using the hidden opportunities of public and private partnership in the process of structural transformations at the meso level, in demand in the conditions of the growth model crisis is in the centre of the research. The re-sources of the strategic development process of the regional economy are essential to realize these opportunities.

    pdf 15-19.pdf  (158 Kb)

  • Roskoshnaya M.S.
    Analysis of brokerage and transit activities control approaches of nuclear suppliers in the system of international economic relations

    The paper explores the approaches to control transit and brokering activities in the context of the Nuclear Suppliers Group in the system of international economic relations. It analyzes the challenges for the export control system associated with the existence of loopholes for unscrupulous contractors in the implementation of international trade. The author pays her attention to the necessity of implementation of legal instruments empowering the public authorities to detect, intervene and counteract the illicit brokering and transit activities in the system of international economic relations.

    pdf 20-27.pdf  (100 Kb)

  • Khokhoyeva Z.V.
    The Russian economy fictitious capital generation

    The paper examines the process of fictitious capital generating, taking place at the present stage of the Russian economy development. The author reveals the opposites of real and fictitious capital in the economic system. It is built around the core of state power, which acts as the natural basis of the generation under investigation. The conditions of the crisis of the growth model create the opportunity to force this process. The scientific article identifies main ways of generating fictitious capital of the Russian economy as well as estimates its developmental consequences. It substantiates the need for deep institutional and economic transformations. Otherwise the Russian economy will lose its competitiveness and find itself on the far periphery of world economic development. The author proposes applied means for overcoming the negative effects in the generation of fictitious capital of the Russian economy.

    pdf 28-32.pdf  (80 Kb)

  • Chesebiev A.A.
    Types of investments in human capital and methods for effectiveness evaluation

    The role of human capital as a priority factor of economic, social and political development of the state has been growing over time. After the mankind had made the transition from industrial to postindustrial stage of its development, intellectual resources have become one of the key factors of society’s development and prosperity. It is high proportion of human capital in national wealth of the USA and leading European countries that explains high levels of their socio-economic development. This paper considers the definition of the human and its importance for the development of any country. The main emphasis paper focuses on the investments in human capital as the most important element of its existence and further developing. The author reveals forms and types of investments in human capital and their features and differences from other types of investments.

    pdf 33-38.pdf  (86 Kb)

    Regional Economy
  • Bespalova V.V., Polyanskaya O.A., Mikhaylova A.E.
    The assessment of the innovative activity of regional timber enterprises

    The paper studies the current economic and political situation in the region. It considers the benefits of economic and geographical situation of the region, the use of rich natural resource potential. The authors pay their special attention to one of the most important industries in the region — the forest sector. The region exports products of wood. However, there are a number of problems that influence in a negative way on the potential of the industry and the region as a whole. They are unsustainable use of forest resources, a small number of companies, including both raw material procurement and its processing, large distances between destinations, the poor quality of roads, shortages or lack of modern equipment (its depreciation), which does not allow a high degree of raw material processing and requires too high energy. It is necessary to introduce an innovative approach to the development of the in-dustry for improving the situation in the regional industry. However, the lack of investment in the industry has a negative impact on innovation. The authors carry out calculations of inno-vation activity of enterprises as well as assess its level based on data collected on some wood processing companies of technical and economic parameters.

    pdf 54-59.pdf  (103 Kb)

  • Sushchiy S.Ya., Mitrofanova I.V.
    Ethnodemographic potential and migratory dynamics in the Volgograd region: trends and forecasts

    The paper examines the demographic potential of the Volgograd region as well as analyzes scenarios of its ethno-demographic development in the long-term perspective. The authors predict a significant reduction in the population of the region in case if the natural decline is supplemented by the migration outflow of the population, with the largest majority of the regional society waiting for the largest demographic losses.The Russian majority of the regional society is expected to evidence noticeable demographic losses. Thus, the number of the indigenous Russian people for the period 2010—2030 can reduce from 2,3 million to 2,1—2,2 million people and by the mid of the XXI century to 1,7—1,9 million people amid a large but no so large scale reduction of the population of other large ethnic groups of the region that allows the Russian population conserving a high share in the population of the Volgograd region by the mid of the XXI. At the same time the number of settlements where the ethnic communities make 15—20% of the local population will grow considerably. It is the migratory factor that can negatively influence in the long term the transforma-tion of the national structure of the population of the area and the reduction of the weight of the Russians. At the same time the natural dynamics of regional ethnic communities changing their ratio and ranks in the demographic rating of the peoples of the region t cannot consid-erably influence the systematic dominance of the Russians as a main national community.

    pdf 60-74.pdf  (449 Kb)

  • Tamov A.A., Tamova M.K., Babalian E.B.
    Small businesses development in the troubled regions using the etnoeconomic segment potential

    This paper considers a number of aspects connected with the state of small and medium-sized businesses in troubled regions of Southern Russia. It discusses the priority of resource support of the sector in the conditions of prolonged financial and economic crisis. The authors pay their particular attention to the multidisciplinary ethno-economic segment, which occupies an important place in the social and economic complex of these regions.

    pdf 75-80.pdf  (156 Kb)

    The Account, Audit and the Control
  • Belozerova T.G., Lugovsky D.V., Tkhagapso R.A.
    The depreciation of intangible assets: calculation and accounting

    The paper reveals the role and function of depreciation under the static and dynamic accounting concept. It presents a general approach to intangible assets of the useful lives determination and depreciation method choice. The scientific article considers depreciation accounting technique. The authors disclose criteria for determining the useful lives of in-tangible assets. They give the methodology of accounting for depreciation charges as well as examine peculiarities of the account of write-off expenses for research and development.

    pdf 81-86.pdf  (273 Kb)

  • Olomskaya E.V., Tkhagapso R.A.
    Interrelation of the main flows in accounting and tax information systems

    The paper presents formal and logical justification for the development of accounting and information systems. It suggests the unity of civil, accounting and tax legislation. The authors consider models of accounting and tax information flows interaction. The aim of the research is to choose the most optimal options of information flows in modern conditions, taking into account all their shortcomings. The scientific article reveals technical possibilities of obtaining necessary data for tax purposes using in accordance with the recommendations of the tax authorities.

    pdf 87-94.pdf  (238 Kb)

  • Khabibulina A.F.
    Analysis of the concession agreements using on the exploitation of leased property in construction

    The paper studies the use of concession agreements on the provision of services as an element of operating leases. It makes it possible to carry out more effectively post-construction activities of construction organizations in the operation of real estate. The author reveals the possibility of a comprehensive combination of accounting procedures for these contracts which is defined in the new IFRS 16 Lease.

    pdf 95-100.pdf  (86 Kb)

  • Khamkhoeva F.Ya., Khamkhoeva M.M.
    Operational management analysis: advantages and disadvantages

    The paper considers functions of implementing flexible management of production processes. The authors substantiate that one of the most important functions of implementing flexible management of production processes is management analysis. The main aim is to provide constantly informational support for the rational use of material and financial resources control.

    pdf 101-106.pdf  (268 Kb)

  • Chernookaya E.V., Pankov D.A.
    The main stages of the construction object calculating from the position of its quality characteristics

    The paper describes the stages of the construction object cost calculating from the position of the functional and value approach. The authors offer the consumer properties of the building as functions. They express it through its operational qualities. The authors realize calculation in the context of operational quality. This will allow compare the cost of the achieved quality of the building with the value of the created characteristics.

    pdf 107-113.pdf  (91 Kb)

    Management by Innovations
  • Shatalova O.I., Shiyanov E.S., Snegireva N.I., Kashcheeva E.V., Kobelevà A.A.
    Modern industrialization strategic priorities based on the innovation economy

    The paper presents the strategic guidelines and priorities for the new industrialization of the economy and innovative modernization of the Russian industry. It also reveals its basic component as the foundation of material production. The authors examine ways to increase the resource potential for the introduction of innovative developments for a qualitative change in the instruments of labor and production, machine-building and metal-working industries accumulating the greatest volume of research and development engineers and technicians.

    pdf 191-200.pdf  (106 Kb)

    The Theory and Practice of Business
  • Zakharova E.N., Mokrushin A.A., Pshizova A.R., Khatukay S.A., Chinazirova S.K.
    Public and private partnership forms and mechanisms in the innovative modernization of Western Europe economies

    The paper reveals the modern forms and mechanisms of public and private partnership financing in the context of the new innovative policy of European countries. The authors disclose the essence and peculiarities of PPP in the innovation sphere and carry out a comparative analysis of direct and indirect mechanisms of financing public-private partner-ships. The scientific article analyzes the innovative development of the EU countries, the grouping of countries depending on innovation performance. The analysis led to the conclu-sion that the economic crisis and the slow pace of economic recovery had a negative impact on the innovative development of the EU countries. The authors draw a conclusion that a de-crease in the volume of public resources could negatively affect the R & D budgets of the EU countries.

    pdf 163-176.pdf  (228 Kb)

    Service Economy
  • Grinenko S.V., Edalova E.S.
    Educational and occupational segregation in the process of reproduction and use of human capital

    This article examines the impact of gender on the reproduction of the human capital, analyzes the degree of influence of gender at each stage of the formation, development and functioning of human capital. The authors reveal feminization and defeminization processes in the educational environment as well as propose approaches to mitigate the negative effects of educational and occupational gender segregation.

    pdf 127-136.pdf  (252 Kb)

  • Zakharova E.N., Mamsirova A.A.
    Economic enterprise sustainability and peculiarities of its maintenance in the commercial sphere

    The paper considers various approaches to the concept of «enterprise sustainability», as well as the criteria with which this concept is connected with. It presents tools that ensure the trading enterprise stability. The authors reveal client-oriented orientation, especially important in conditions of unstable external environment. A promising approach in ensuring sustainability in the trade sphere is the use of category management technology.

    pdf 137-143.pdf  (91 Kb)

  • Kodzhamanyan S.M.
    Services in the field of culture as a form of tutored benefits: specifics and support mechanisms

    The paper studies the specificity of manifestations of the «expenses illness» in the context of the cultural services production, which determines the need for state support for this process. The author also considers directions and tools for the formation of an integrated approach to the improvement of the mechanism of guardianship of cultural goods.

    pdf 144-148.pdf  (125 Kb)

  • Mirza D.D., Mirza Z.M.
    Peculiarities of adapting the activities of trading network organizations to changing conditions of the environment

    The paper considers the factors contributing to the expansion of the activity of trading networks both in the Russian Federation and in the world. It highlights the typical elements of the mechanism of adaptation of economic entities to the changing conditions of the external environment. The authors present adaptation toolkit of the network trading enterprises. They reveal one of the most promising directions for ensuring the adaptation of network trade enterprises to the changing conditions of the external environment. It is the formation of specific internal characteristics of the process of functioning of the trading network. The use of the multi-format model and value propositions updating is demonstrated on the example of X5 Retail Group. It is one of the largest companies on the Russian food retail market.

    pdf 149-155.pdf  (119 Kb)

  • Timirgaleeva R.R., Grishin I.Yu.
    Operational efficiency balneological resort enterprises

    The paper considers the necessity of performance management, balneological resort enterprises.The authors reveal main factors affecting the level of efficiency of their or-ganizational performance. They propose customized approaches to determining the effective-ness of balneological resort enterprises. The scientific article substantiates expediency and the need to assess the social efficiency. It presents integrated index evaluation of personnel man-agement efficiency balneological resort enterprises.

    pdf 156-162.pdf  (138 Kb)

    Social Economy
  • Galazova S.S., Krasnova T.G., Wilghelm A.S.
    Housing market: modern models effective balance analysis

    The scientific article reveals the role of the housing market in the growth of the welfare of the population. It presents its elements, capacity and conjuncture as well as methods and tools for estimating this market and effective demand for housing. The paper discloses qualitative correlation dependencies of the factors of their formation. The authors describe the models of this market. They examine their weak and strong points, justifying the effectiveness of the application for regional housing markets.

    pdf 177-186.pdf  (176 Kb)

  • Golubova M.I.
    Reproduction development supporting mechanisms in the health profile economic areas

    The paper examines the tools for supporting the development of the reproduction process in the economic localities of the health profile. They start forming in regional economies on the basis of a systemic transformation of the resource bases, capital and infrastructure of existing resort areas. The author substantiates that the reproduction process of such localities is focused on the health potential underlying the human capital of the regional economy. Supporting mechanisms for the reproduction development in these locations addressed to the regional economy are specific in relation to the peculiarities of reproduction in the resort areas, most of which belong to the South of Russia. The researcher uses a systematic approach, the application of which has made it possible to outline a wide range of tools for supporting the development of reproduction in the economic localities of the health profile. The author pays her special attention to the instruments of infrastructure support for the development of reproduction in these localities. The paper presents a number of appropriate means. The author draws a conclusion that an objective balance of forces acting in the devel-opment space sets the strategic orientation of the development of reproduction in the investi-gated locations.

    pdf 187-190.pdf  (77 Kb)

    Taxes and the Taxation
  • Budagov I.V., Khakhuk B.A., Kushu A.A., Gura D.A.
    Research approaches evolution of real estate assessment and taxation

    The paper considers the existing methodological approaches to the assessment and property taxation. It discloses the term «cadaster».the authors pay their particular attention to contemporary problems of assessment and reforming the property tax system in Russia.

    pdf 201-206.pdf  (85 Kb)

  • Ordynskaya M.E., Silina T.A., Karpenko S.V., Divina L.E.
    European experience of small and medium enterprises tax stimulation

    In most countries of the world, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in all spheres of economy have a significant place in the total amount of the gross national product, production of goods and services. SMEs allow employment of the population, as well as sustainable development of the country as a whole. In this regard, it seems relevant to organize the optimal system of taxation of SMEs to promote their development and harmonize the interests of the state, society as a whole and entrepreneurs. The paper considers the world experience of tax regulation of SME development, specifies the features of their taxation, oriented to long-term goals of economic development. As a result of the study, the macroeconomic nature of the impact of taxation on the development and functioning of SMEs has been determined. The authors analyze the modern world tendencies of the use of taxation mecha-nisms in the system of tax regulation of SMEs. They identify and summarize the priority areas of the use of SME taxation mechanisms, taking into account the characteristics of the econo-mies of European countries.

    pdf 207-217.pdf  (116 Kb)

  • Osennyaya A.V., Budagov I.V., Kravchenko E.V., Kushu A.A., Khakhuk B.A.
    Analysis of land rent taxation methods

    This paper considers the existed system of taxation of land rent between the two eras. The study of the processes of taxation of land rent at the time of formation of the cadastral assessment allows seeing a clearer and deeper understanding of existing techniques and methods of taxation as well as their advantages and disadvantages. The way of income and land rent expresses peculiarity of land relations, which reflects not only the relationship of land ownership, but also quantitatively captures the qualitative characteristics of the land in its natural and economic fertility at the territorial location. The important place in solving problems of the land rents distribution, mechanisms of its withdrawal belongs to the economic theory. It gives a theoretical justification. The authors subtantuate that the problems of extrac-tion of land rents are relevant. They are the most debatable issue of the country's economic development in the conditions of reforming of economy.

    pdf 218-224.pdf  (91 Kb)

    General Problems of Pedagogy
  • Begidova S.N., Vasilenko P.G.
    THE STYLIZED DRAWING AS THE SPECIAL TYPE OF ART CREATIVITY

    In this paper, the stylized drawing is regarded as a special type of fine art creative activity. The authors show the difference in the stylized drawing compared to academic, for example, an exaggeration of the most expressive features of nature and abolition of some details which are of secondary importance. The publication validates specifics of creative stylized drawing abilities, distinguishing the leading and auxiliary abilities. Auxiliary abilities comprise emotional associative perception, plane ornamental vision of nature, sensomotor qualities, stylization and decorative interpretation of nature which should persistently be developed at students learning the stylized drawing.

    pdf 15-21.pdf  (180 Kb)

  • Bunchuk S.V., Petkov V.A.
    FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL IMAGE OF THE TEACHER OF MILITARY HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION

    The paper shows the role of image of the military teacher as factor of his successful professional formation. A positive professional image promotes efficiency of pedagogical interaction of the teacher and cadet and the improved organization of teaching and educational activity of military higher education institution. The publication describes the essence, structure and functions of professional image and a possibility of its use as means of social influence and formation of positive perception of an image of the military teacher by cadets.

    pdf 22-27.pdf  (228 Kb)

  • Vasiliadi A.G.
    STRUCTURE OF STUDENT’S VOLUNTEER TRAINING

    Degree of a humanization of society first of all is characterized by the attitude towards the most vulnerable members of society. At the same time here has value not only attitude of the state, but also the attitude of society and specific people. One of manifestations of humanity is the volunteering understood as the social phenomenon and social movement. Development of the volunteer movement in the student's environment has essential educational value and value from the point of view of vocational training. However the main conditions of application of volunteering as means and a method of professional and moral development of the personality in higher education institutions of the country are not applied adequately owing to lack of knowledge of components and conditions of volunteer activity. Justification and structure of volunteer activity from the point of view of relationships of cause and effect is presented in article.

    pdf 28-34.pdf  (309 Kb)

  • Lebedeva I.V., Khazova S.A., Begidova S.N., Demkina E.V.
    THE THEORY AND TECHNOLOGY OF COLLEGE STUDENT’S TRAINING THE CULTURE OF COMPETITIVE INTERACTIONS

    Category of personal culture (culture of the competition, competitive relations, competitive interactions, etc.) allows the Russian to fully reflect social, economic and moral components of that quality which provides competitiveness in the modern world. The culture of competitive interactions defines that the personality is able to participate in the competition by using not only economicaly expedient and legally accepted, but also morally justified ways. In this regard, we pursue aims here to develop and justify the model of training the culture of competitive interactions of the personality in the course of secondary professional education. The theoretical aspects of modeling include the specified and concretized ideas of essence and content of the personality’s culture, functions of culture and criteria of cultural behavior, the purposes and means of interpersonal interaction and the competitive relations. Methodologically projected pedagogical process is based on the revealed mechanisms and psychologic and pedagogical conditions of training the personal culture of competitive interactions. The technological maintenance of model is presented by set of stages at which didactic tools are implemented in consecutive order, in the course of learning specially developed course of elective disciplines.

    pdf 35-50.pdf  (374 Kb)

  • Meretukova Z.K., Polushina N.A.
    POOR PROGRESS OF SCHOOL STUDENTS AS PROBLEM OF PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCE AND EDUCATION

    The paper validates relevance of a problem of poor progress of school students. The reasons and signs of poor progress existing in psychologic and pedagogical literature are regarded. Definitions of the concept "poor progress" are analyzed. The authors offer their own definition of the concept "poor progress" and the general methodological approach to a solution of the problem of overcoming poor progress in educational process on a dialogue basis.

    pdf 51-60.pdf  (187 Kb)

  • Mosina O.A.
    POSSIBILITIES OF SOLVING PROBLEMS OF THE AGING SOCIETY FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF GERONTOLOGICAL COMPETENCE IN THE SOCIAL WORKERS

    Transformational changes in stratification system demand other – in comparison with paternalistic and "defense" – approach to the aging population. Contemporary social services only begin to develop the corresponding areas of work, therefore the problem of gerontological competence of experts of the social sphere becomes especially relevant.

    pdf 61-66.pdf  (175 Kb)

  • Reutova L.P., Khakunova F.P., Grebennikova V.M.
    STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS, CRITERIA AND LEVELS OF COMMUNICATIVE ACTIVITY OF PUPILS OF THE MAIN GENERAL EDUCATION

    In the paper, the authors offer new approach for distinguishing and describing structural components, criteria and levels of communicative activity of pupils of the main general education. The paper discloses communicative competence as multistructural system, describes its subsystem components, and reasons their interrelation and unity. The allocated criteria and levels of communicative activity of pupils do not contradict requirements of FGOS OO and already existing concept of universal educational actions of school students of primary education. Their contents and fullness expand scientific knowledge of the teacher.

    pdf 67-73.pdf  (179 Kb)

  • Ruban A.V., Khazova S.A.,
    PSYCHOLOGIC AND PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS OF FORMATION OF AXIOLOGICAL COMPETENCE IN CADETS

    The paper describes the results of the theoretical search embodied in system of psychologic and pedagogical conditions for formation of axiological competence in cadets of higher education institutions. The allocated conditions are based on the competence-based approach to education, on the axiological approach to upbringing the personality, and on the principles of military education and upbringing the military personnel. The specified bases are validated as key conditions for formation of axiological competence of cadets. Each group of key conditions is worked out in detail through the description of the applied didactic means and methods, and forms of the organization of student’s activity.

    pdf 74-80.pdf  (170 Kb)

  • Safarova M.A.
    TELEVISION CAPACITY IN SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE CHILDRENS’ AUDIENCE (IN THE CASE OF “BAKHORISTON” CHANNEL FOR CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE (TAJIKISTAN)

    This paper explores influence of programs of the Tajik television on psychology of children. Various points of view of scientists on this subject are analyzed. Separate television programs are analyzed as an example. Also, a few pieces of advice are given for improving the quality of these programs, attracting a larger audience and gaining the trust of the population.

    pdf 81-87.pdf  (171 Kb)

  • Chumakova I.V.
    DEVELOPMENT OF DIAGNOSTIC COMPETENCE OF TUTOR OF PRESCHOOL EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATION DURING COURSE TRAINING

    The paper sheds light on the features of professional activity of tutor of preschool educational organization. A diagnostic component is allocated in the structure of teacher’s activity. The author describes the most effective technologies to improve diagnostic competence of the teacher in the course of retraining in additional vocational education.

    pdf 88-94.pdf  (168 Kb)

    Special Methods and Teaching Technologies
  • Zhilina A.V.
    FEATURES OF TECHNICAL TRAINING OF STUDENTS IN THE PIANO CLASS

    The paper deals with searches for the rational movements of the pianist. The author shows the role of various technical exercises in formation of elementary finger motor skills and mastering various elements of the piano texture. The publication emphasizes the need of development at the student of tactile feelings, and the importance of bringing art coloring into process of exercises.

    pdf 95-99.pdf  (118 Kb)

  • Nefedova N.A.
    CREATIVE LABORATORY "THEATER OF THE FLUTE" AS DEVELOPMENT TOOL OF MUSICAL CREATIVE ACTIVITY OF ADOLESCENTS

    The adolescent’s personality changes during musical creative activity. Creating himself, he is in the process of creative self-realization, self-development, self-awareness, self-expression, introspection, self-government, etc. One must take note that the process of development of musical creative activity of adolescents has a wide range, covering all aspects of human life, motives, needs, etc. Basically, this process relies on the specific situations, which thereby raise the adolescent’s personality to a higher level of development, and assume that it will fundamentally change in the direction of creative self-development.

    pdf 100-106.pdf  (392 Kb)

    Educational Space of Physical Training and Sports
  • Dzhirikova F.D., Petkov V.A., Botasheva M.Kh., Dzhirikov R.S., Kataev K.A.
    PEDAGOGICAL SUPPORT OF DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF THE TEACHER OF PHYSICAL CULTURE AT HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION

    The paper shows the essence and theoretical bases of pedagogical support of the teacher of physical culture of higher education institution in development of his professional competence. Contents and the structure of professional competence represented by four components – personal, cognitive, motivational - valuable and operational activity – are investigated. Forms, methods, ways and conditions of the effective organization of pedagogical support are described. On the basis of the criteria and indicators revealed, characteristic levels of manifestation of professional competence are determined. The main trends and prospects of its improvement are designated.

    pdf 167-173.pdf  (166 Kb)

  • Enokaeva S.S., Dzhaubaev Yu.A.
    ORGANIZATIONAL AND PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF HEALTH IMPROVING AND RECREATIONAL ACTIVITY AT RURAL SCHOOL

    The paper discloses intrinsic characteristics of health improving and recreational activity of rural school. The authors provide statistical data on a rural population and the number of rural schools in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic and the Republic of Daghestan. The analysis of data of the sociological survey of parents and teachers of rural comprehensive schools conducted by the authors demonstrates their attitude towards their own health and health of children, addictions and a physical recreation as to a factor of a healthy lifestyle. Organizational and pedagogical conditions of implementation of health improving and recreational opportunities of rural school are stated.

    pdf 174-179.pdf  (176 Kb)

    Modern Problems of Psychology
  • Krasnova L.V.
    PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF CREDIBILITY TO THEMSELVES AT SHY YOUNG MEN AND GIRLS

    Shyness at early youthful age negatively influences subjectness of the personality, and a condition of successful development of subjectness is the level of credibility to itself. The bulk of this paper is about psychological features of manifestation of credibility to themselves at timid young men and girls as self-value attitude of the personality. Depending on the level of credibility to themselves, three groups of shy examinees are allocated. The obtained data allow us to draw a conclusion that shyness, being system property of the personality, has partial character and is displayed not in all spheres of life. Since this age period of development is characterized by formation of the subject qualities of the personality associated with authenticity, independence and responsibility, psychological support is necessary for shy young men and girls. In this regard, development of the psychocorrectional programs directed to correct the level of expressiveness of the trust-based relations of the personality can become prospect of this research.

    pdf 107-113.pdf  (206 Kb)

  • Petrosyan S.N.
    PRENATAL AND PERINATAL PERIODS OF CHILD DEVELOPMENT AS A CRISIS STAGE OF PERSONALITY FORMATION

    The paper is devoted to analysis of the prenatal and perinatal periods of child development. The tasks of this paper are as follows: to overview research studies dedicated to the emotional child development in the prenatal and perinatal periods of development, to analyze the particularities of symbiotic emotional reaction, and to examine the prenatal and perinatal periods as crisis period of personality development. The conclusion is drawn that if crisis state is considered as a critical stage in personality development, the choice of one of the directions for further development - perinatal and, in particular, the prenatal period filled with experiences which would form the primary vectors of further personality development - can definitely be considered as a stage of crisis of personality formation.

    pdf 114-122.pdf  (183 Kb)

  • Petrosyan S.N., Ryabikina Z.I.
    CURRENT APPROACHES TO THE PROBLEM OF PERSONALITY LIFE SCRIPT AS SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL PHENOMENON

    The paper is devoted to the analysis of approaches to the problem of personality life script as a social and psychological phenomenon. The tasks of this article are as follows: to examine the life script as a psychological problem, to analyze the personality life script studies present in the Russian and international literature, to consider the perspectives of personality life script study in line with the subject existentialistic approach. The conclusion is drawn that consideration of the categorical integrity “personality and its existence” as a subject field of psychology creates a possibility of a principally new approach to studying the problem of formation and materialization of individual’s life script as a global field of its existentiality.

    pdf 123-135.pdf  (208 Kb)

  • Popova A.A., Shkriabko I.P.
    THE STUDY OF FEATURES OF COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE IN STUDENTS TO SOLVE THE TASKS OF PROFESSIONAL PEDAGOGICAL FORMATION IN THE EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION

    This paper examines the creation of conditions for the formation of communicative competence of students in educational space of pedagogical University. The task of studying and the possibility of masking affective-personal components of communication in order to address problems of professional-pedagogical formation in conditions of educational environment of the University seems very significant, but problematic from the point of view of choosing the optimal research methods. This problem is reflected in the present paper as well. In addition, one of the topical tasks of the teaching staff of higher educational institution is considered, namely: to study the dynamics of communicative competence of students of pedagogical higher education institution for practical training in psychology.

    pdf 136-141.pdf  (164 Kb)

  • Sovmiz Z.R.
    THE RELATIONSHIP OF INDIVIDUAL AND TEAM COPING STRATEGIES WITH PERSONAL AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SUBJECTS OF GROUP ACTIVITIES

    The paper substantiates the relevance of the search for personality and social-psychological resources, and use of constructive coping strategies by the subjects of group activities. The study shows that the studied phenomena reveal different nature of relationships: emotional intelligence reduces the probability of choosing the non-adaptive and destructive coping strategies and increases the likelihood of adaptive selection. Social intelligence contributes to the decrease in non-adaptive ways of coping with stress, and socio-psychological characteristics, to the increase of the adaptive individual and group ones. Excessively high level of empathy is undesirable from the point of view of coping with stress.

    pdf 142-146.pdf  (167 Kb)

  • Chibisova O.S.
    THE SPECIFICITY OF THE FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL IDENTITY IN STUDENTS OF THE LAW HIGHER SCHOOL AND IN LAWYERS

    Features of formation of the professional identity in law students of the University and in working professionals are examined as two different psychological phenomena of successive character. The author makes an analysis of the concept "professional identity", and defines the conditions necessary for the effective formation of professional identity of future lawyers. The uneven flow of the process is noted throughout the formation of professional identity. During this process latent and crisis periods are alternated, and there are stages with the evolutionary and revolutionary current. Work in the acquired specialty has an impact on motivation and axiological personality traits and facilitates the development of professional identity of law graduates. At the same time the optimal level of conscious learning professional competences by the student is achieved.

    pdf 147-153.pdf  (167 Kb)

  • Shaverneva Yu.Yu., Petrova N.V., Koshanskaya A.G., Khristich E.N.
    FEATURES OF DEVELOPMENT, CREATION AND STANDARDIZATION OF THE PSYCHODIAGNOSTIC QUESTIONNAIRE FOR ASSESSMENT OF LEVEL OF PSYCHOLOGICAL READINESS OF STUDENTS FOR EXTREME SITUATIONS

    The extreme situation is examined as set of certain obligations and conditions which make strong psychological impact on students. The main stages (determination of quantity of tasks, working out of tasks, making the test, a pilot study, the analysis of tasks, definition of reliability of the test, the factorial analysis, a test validity, standardization of the test) of creation of the psychodiagnostic technique directed to assess the level of readiness of students for extreme situations, beginning with determination of quantity of tasks, specifications of a questionnaire, determination of percentage weight of substantial areas, demonstrations and making the test, are covered in the paper. Also features of carrying out a pilot study, the analysis of tasks, definitions of reliability and validity of the test are considered. By means of the factorial analysis matrices of correlations between scale tasks for assessment of level of readiness of students for extreme situations are presented. In the conclusion results of standardization of the test and data on internal coherence of tasks of a questionnaire are analyzed. Compliance of a questionnaire to requirements of reliability, discriminativeness and validity confirms the accuracy and objectivity of our measurements.

    pdf 154-166.pdf  (248 Kb)

    Linguistics
  • Akbaeva O.V.
    Phrase-syntactic schemes with a basic component – not full-content word: structural and functional aspects

    For the first time, structural and functional aspects of phrase schemes with a basic component – not full-content word – are examined through the prism of a «language and the speech» scientific paradigm, typical for the theory of language. Such an approach helps the author to reveal and systematize phrase schemes with the basic component expressed by an interjection, a preposition, a particle and the conjunction as a part of single group. The theoretical importance of this study lies in expansion and deepening ideas of syntactic phraseological units in modern Russian, their place in system of language and features of their functioning in the speech, in providing a methodological basis for their further theoretical studying, and for a phrase graphic coding on material of both Russian and other languages. Scientific novelty lies in the multiaspectual description of phrase schemes of this group that allowed the author to reveal specific types of meanings of such phrase syntactic schemes and to define their efficiency; to establish models of creation of each phrase scheme and to note their specifics; to parameterize obligatory unchangeable and changeable components, as well as facultative components of syntactic structure of each phrase scheme; to establish degree of relevance of an internal form of basic components, and the syntactic relations between obligatory components; to study syntagmatic properties of phrase schemes in terms of distribution and compatibility; and to prove the phraseological nature of phrase schemes of this group.

    pdf 17-23.pdf  (324 Kb)

  • Atazhakhova S.T.
    Proverb language typology in the literary works of I. Mashbash and S. Panesh (based on «Bzyiko Zau» and «Mykyzhyn gu uag»)

    This study examines the proverbs to identify the different artistic and pictorial means and methods: similes, metaphors and antitheses. We describe such types of repetition as the phonetic, morphological, lexical, etc., which enhance the expressive possibilities of language. We explore the proverbs, which function in literary texts in the form in which they appear in the speech of speaking the Adyghe language. In some cases, introducing proverbs in the text of a literary work, writers perform this creatively and, in accordance with the author’s thought, restructure them, maintaining the integrity of the core semantic content of proverbs. Results of the analysis show that paraphrased proverbs can later be widely distributed in the language and in speech, becoming an important part of the Adyghe literature.

    pdf 24-29.pdf  (335 Kb)

  • Atakaeva F.Sh.
    Arabisms in the borrowed vocabulary of the Nogai language

    A study of the Arab borrowings in the Nogai language and their lexical-semantic features, undoubtedly, is among the topical not only of historical lexicology, but also of the current state of the lexical system of the language. The goal of this study is to identify Arabisms in the Nogai contemporary language, to make their comprehensive, system-integrated description, and to determine their belonging to a particular lexical-semantic category. The scientific novelty and practical significance lie in the definition of etymology and in detailed coverage of semantic processes characteristic of orientalisms (Arabisms) in the Nogai literary language and its dialects. In this study, the descriptive method is mainly used with comparative-character applications to closely related languages. Attempts to clarify the etymology of a number of lexical units required also the use of comparative historical analysis. It has been established that Arabisms in the Nogai language make certain parallels with the same borrowings in other North Caucasus and Daghestan languages, forming the unified isoglosses, but they differ in some cases in the phonetic, semantic and grammatical aspects. The ancient borrowings from Arabic, being firmly entrenched in the lexical system and enriching it, are widely used both in everyday speech, and in the book styles of the literary forms of the Nogai contemporary language.

    pdf 30-34.pdf  (307 Kb)

  • Baranova A.Yu., Chetverikova O.V.
    Fiction text as a basis of modeling of the author’s consciousness of the creative language person

    The paper shows the bases for modeling of the author’s art consciousness within an anthropocentric paradigm of a research of language and thinking relationship. The author’s art consciousness represents a set of cognitive, emotive, communicative and semiotic subsystems entering a concept system of the literary master as the creative language person of the elite type. The publication explores how the semantic sphere of the personality interrelates with the «authorship signs»of the writer allowing us to get access to the informative and semantic sphere of the personality for the research purposes. It is proved that the fiction text is result of cognitive activity of the author as holistic emotive – informative-figurative communicative system reflecting the author’s point of view on the world and the person in esthetic speech activity by means of language signs. The conclusion is drawn that author’s art consciousness as the model reconstructed on the basis of the analysis of texts of the creative person, represents a set of the cognitive, emotive, communicative and semiotic subsystems of concept sphere of the author which are in the relations of interrelation and interconditionality with the semantic sphere of the writer. Relevance lies in identification of the preconditions substantiating modeling of author’s art consciousness on the basis of interpretation of set of the texts created by the language person. Scientific novelty of work and the practical importance are defined by integration of provisions of cognitive linguistics, psycholinguistics, literary criticism, linguistic disciplines, psychology of the personality, and cultural linguistics that allow us to consider the fiction text as the model of the world of the author reflecting specifics of the semantic sphere of the literary master, his value orientations through language signs.

    pdf 35-42.pdf  (326 Kb)

  • Belykh E.N.
    Lexical features of the Turkish political discourse of an oral public speech

    The paper deals with the linguistic features of the Turkish political discourse of an oral public sopeech. Oral public statements of Turkish modern political leaders served as material for the analysis. A research objective was detection of linguistic features of the Turkish political discourse of the oral speech. The conclusion is drawn that one of the features of the political discourse of the oral public speech is rendering impact on the addressee. The pragmatical component plays the special role consisting in purposeful selection of the language means promoting to make impact. At such selection, features of audience are considered. Particular interest in lexical features of the Turkish political discourse of the oral public speech is related to the role which they play in professional activity of the politician. Various language means of the political discourse of the oral public speech of the politician provide a full-fledged picture about richness, complexity and degree of figurativeness of the political discourse. Idioms and modizms facilitate perception of an oral public speech. Elements of informal conversation in the oral public speech are used for the negative characteristic of political rivals. Existence of pareomias and tropes makes the speech of the politician more vivid, presentable and bright that promotes realization of communicative tasks.

    pdf 43-47.pdf  (326 Kb)

  • Kovalchuk N.V., Klemenova E.N.
    Rhetorical relations as means of cohering segments of the text of an informal interview

    The research is devoted to identifying the specifics of the category of cohesion of informal interview. The paper embraces the relationship between language elements in the interlocutors’ speech current and coordinates the speech actions based on socio-cultural communicative situation. For the first time it has been found that the process of communication between the interviewer and the respondent proceeds in a special way by configuring their speech actions in accordance with the current sociocultural situation. In this paper, the following conclusions were made: (1) A respondent, taking the function of the addressee, implements various sometimes incompatible images. (2) The interviewer, constantly switching from one respondent’s image to another, correspondently modifies his current stimulant actions which, maintaining the previous replicas cohesion, are characterized by appropriateness to the image the respondent has taken at the present moment. (3) Rhetorical structure analysis of the dialogic text of non-formal interview presupposes that this kind of text is functional and hierarchal integrity. (4) The interviewer and respondent’s spontaneous conversation, aimed at particular non-linguistic tasks, reveals the functional component. (5) Hierarchal text organization is in this case less distinct since the interlocutors spontaneously plan their speech tasks and can not predict each other’s reactions on the stimuli expressed.

    pdf 48-52.pdf  (322 Kb)

  • Kubashicheva S.K., Chitao L.R.
    Neologisms as form of representation of a modern language picture

    Specifics, degree of efficiency and functioning of neologisms in the languages with different systems are investigated. Comparative studying of languages in cognitive and communicative aspects is one of the topical problems of modern linguistic science. The similar tendency gives the chance to analyze and classify in detail the key extralinguistic parameters within which language evolves. It makes a certain contribution to studying of non-cognate languages in the theoretical and practical plan. In this regard the descriptive method of the analysis of the new nominations in modern language space is very productive. Here of special interest are the neologisms associated with the global sphere «Person and Society». Tendencies of formation and metaphorization of neologisms of non-cognate languages are established. Material of research expands idea of semantic system of both languages and stimulates further researches in this area.

    pdf 53-56.pdf  (304 Kb)

  • Mukhamedzhanova A.M.
    Term-derivative units in fiction works by M. Sholokhov

    This work deals with the main features of term-derivative units implied in fiction works by M. Sholokhov. The paper aims at distinguishing structure-semantic, expressive and ethnolinguistic features of term-derivative units in the analyzed material. The practical significance of work is defined by the involved method of analysis of the words and word combinations in Sholokhov’s texts that can be implied for the study of the specificity of the given units in fiction works by other national and foreign authors. The scientific novelty lies in the comprehensive study of functioning of term-derivative units in the language of the Don writer. The basic methods of the research are the descriptive method, method of component analysis, and method of contextual analysis. For classification of term-derivative units, functioning in M. Sholokhov’s fiction works as one of the most significant sources of expressiveness, the following criteria are meaningful: ideographic, formal, and territorial. Analysis of the given units according to the above mentioned criteria not only reveals its language peculiarities, but also allows optimization of further comprehensive study of the given words and word combinations. In addition, the research of the peculiarities of term-derivative unit implication of the definite thematic groups in M.Sholokhov’s fiction works, devoted to the Don Cossacks, enables us to define them as ethnocultural markers.

    pdf 57-61.pdf  (328 Kb)

  • Rozmakhov M.Yu.
    On an alternative and invariant structure of language system

    The question of language variability is one of the most tough, topical and many-sided in modern linguistics. The subjects of the research are variants and invariants as main components of language system. Studying of variability of language units is an interdisciplinary problem of linguistic and social research. In our opinion, extra linguistic and actually linguistic factors of development and functioning of language are not bound anywhere so closely, as in questions of a variation of its structural units. Variability of language units convincingly proves that language system is generally consists of variants and invariants. The same language unit can function and functions in language in the form of many variants, but simultaneously it remains itself, keeping invariable properties. Just the existence of language unit in a specific time is its variation, i.e. coexistence of a great number of its variants. It is possible to claim that variant is the form of real life of each specific language unit. The practical and scientific significance of the work is in the fact that the materials and results of this work can be used for further development of the theory of variability, and for specification of understanding of terms “variant” and “invariant”. Further research of the theory of variability will become a certain contribution to comparative - typological and general linguistics.

    pdf 62-65.pdf  (280 Kb)

  • Tekeev Kh.J.
    The German prepositions and their functional analogs in Karachay - Balkar language (from material of German and Karachay - Balkar languages)

    The main purpose of this article is to study and identify common and distinctive structural, semantic and grammatical characteristics of German prepositions and Karachay-Balkar postpositions. The following problems are posed in accordance with the present work: to disclose: (a) syntax; (b) the functional features of prepositions and postpositions, and on this basis to identify the similarities and the difference of studied phenomena in the compared languages; and work out the basic principles of successful learning this material (visibility, comparative analysis of the rules of the native language and German, etc.). Based on the analysis of meanings of the considered prepositions and on their comparison with analogs of the Karachai-Balkar language we arrived at the following conclusions: the meanings of German prepositions can be transferred to the Karachay-Balkar language by using corresponding postpositions and other means expressing functional compliance of the considered meaning of certain preposition.

    pdf 66-71.pdf  (340 Kb)

  • Tikhonova A.P.
    Personal-pronominal prefixes in the Hattian and Abkhaz-Adyghe languages: a comparative aspect

    For the first time an attempt is made to single out personal-pronominal prefixes and describe their functions in the Hattian verbs and nouns by comparing them with personal-pronominal prefixes in the Abkhaz-Adyghe languages. When selecting prefixes we took into consideration legitimate sound correspondences of vowels and also consonants in the Hattian and Abkhaz-Adyghe languages: voiced – voiceless, palatal – hard, etc. Hattian words are given in Latin, their Abkhaz-Adyghe match – in the Cyrillic alphabet. The materials of the study were bilingual texts about «The God of Moon Fallen from the Heaven» and «A Building Ritual». The method of research is based on the comparative analysis of two or more languages from historical point of view. The analysis of the Hattian personal-pronominal prefixes in the texts belonging chronologically to different time and their comparison with Abkhaz-Adyghe personal-pronominal prefixes made it possible to reveal: 1) the transition from class to personal conjugation of the verbs in the Hattian language; 2) the appearance of possessive prefixes on the basis of class indicators. However, the correspondence of one and the same personal-pronominal prefix to several persons in the singular and plural numbers indicates that this process hadn’t been completed. Nevertheless, in spite of a long time gap between the Hattian and Abkhaz-Adyghe languages, the number of personal-pronominal matches in the languages is quite great, which confirms their relationship. The results of the investigation may be used for deciphering ancient texts.

    pdf 72-78.pdf  (350 Kb)

  • Khachmafova Z.R., Shiryaeva O.V.
    Convergence of scientific and publicistic discourses (from material of the 2000-2010 Russian business press)

    The paper analyzes the phenomenon of convergence of various discourse styles in the modern communication. Convergence of a scientific discourse and information - analytical media discourse is examined using the material of the 2000-2010 Russian business press as an example. Research material is taken from the business publications «Kommersant», “Vedomosti”, «Expert», “RBC Daily”, «Dengi», «A secret of firm», «D’», «Economy and life». The characteristic features of academic writing lexicon used by journalists-analysts are: (1) abstract names; (2) terms; and (3) nominalized structures. Meanings of abstract names participate in a world categorization by logical knowledge therefore the preference of abstract lexicon signals about procedures of analytical and synthetic structuring of knowledge of the world. The term as a kind of lexicon belongs to language means of the exact and objective description of the world interpreted in the concept sphere of specialized knowledge. Nominalized structures represent meanings through abstraction, representation of the process or phenomenon in its generalized lines. This lexicon is analyzed using examples from the 2000-2010 business press. Its functioning within a media discourse testifies to a tendency to rapprochement of a media picture with a scientific picture of the world. The information-analytical media discourse establishes the implicit style and reference convention of audience elitarization.

    pdf 79-84.pdf  (331 Kb)

  • Sheozheva B.A., Abregov A.N.
    Lingual ecology: speech culture of the younger generation as component of the general culture of the personality

    The paper explores the intralingual aspect of language ecology associated with the standard of speech, in particular, results of a research of violations of correctness, clarity, logicality, expressiveness and other communicative features in the speech of students – not philologists and the reason of communicative failures. Problems of a lingual ecology are defined as an important component of ecology of culture. The conducted research allows us to estimate a condition of speech culture of modern society, and to identify some dangerous processes proceeding in it. This is important since good knowledge of Russian, the correct speech were and will be topical always. Use of research methods adequate to objectives – observations of the spontaneous speech of students during the oral and written poll and performance of practical tasks, testings, questioning; systematization and the description of mistakes with use of quantitative and qualitative characteristics, and the analysis of the reasons of their emergence – enabled us to bring together evidential base of the offered conclusions sufficient for justification. Within the research we give the characteristic of a condition of speech culture of society at the present stage, prove the need to protect Russian, and define ways to improve speech culture of the younger generation. Systematic lingual ecological monitoring, revealing the unhealthy phenomena and tendencies in the mass speech, allows us to solve a problem on their elimination in time. Thus, this research makes a certain contribution to development of the designated intralingual aspect of language ecology, proposing to elucidate language culture in ecological aspect, i.e. as a part of the healthy surrounding speech environment of existence. The conclusion is drawn that the academic speech of students which is maintained within scientific (book) style can serve as the main support in the course of correction of speech skills of students.

    pdf 85-91.pdf  (367 Kb)

    Literary Criticism
  • Bakov Kh.I.
    Poetic originality of Boris Utizhev’s lyrics

    This paper deals with skill of Boris Utizhev (1940-2008) proceeding from the materials of his lyrics, linking them with the problem of innovation and creative individuality. It also investigates the evolution of particular lyric genres in the Adyghe poetry, a significant contribution to which was made by Boris Utizhev. Aesthetic analysis of poems of the poet was carried out on the basis of word for word translation into Russian. This procedure is justified by the lack of artistic translation. The aim of this paper is to introduce new materials concerning uncharted facets of creativity of famous playwright and writer for scientific use. Particular attention is paid to the originality of the poet to create a new poetic quality and original sound organization of the verse. The publication presents different points of view of the theory in the definition of «philosophical lyrics.» Sufficient attention is paid to the originality of figurative-expressive means of B. Utizhev. The results of scientific observations can be put into practice in secondary and higher institutions, which study creativity of B. Utizhev. They will be in demand by students, graduate students and researchers in the literature of the North Caucasus peoples.

    pdf 92-98.pdf  (331 Kb)

  • Dzhambekova T.B., Dzhambekov O.A.
    Typology of the image of Zelimkhan and some issues of artistic individuality of the novel «The Storm» by A. Aydamirov

    This paper is based on the material of the novel «The Storm» written by the well-known Chechen writer Abuzar Aydamirov. The paper deals with the mythologem of the “noble robber”, the legendary Abrek of the early twentieth century Zelimkhan Kharachoevsky. The typology of folklorizm of the Chechen historical prose in the field of the subject of abrechestvo is identified and analyzed in unity of a genre, art structure and poetic figurativeness. On the basis of historical, literary and textual methods it is shown that all twenty eight chapters of the work are noted for depth and complexity of the public, philosophical, moral and psychological questions put in them. In the novel, with a special force the author aspires to show destiny of the homeland through destiny of the hero, formation of call of duty, responsibility to himself, to the people and to the homeland. The people history in the novel is closely bound with personal destiny of A. Aydamirov. It is unusually topical for the writer since it is one of the sides uniting favourite subjects of the writer – the subject of the homeland and freedom. Features of national character are represented through a prism of sources and destiny of his heroes, first of all, of Zelimkhan. The importance of this subject is defined not only by especially national and regional, local and specific historical character of the material, which is relevant not only for the Chechen and North Caucasian tradition, but also by its universal features recorded in archetypic images and mythologems of the noble robber and in its phenomenon inseparable from historical and spiritual development of any ethnos.

    pdf 99-103.pdf  (309 Kb)

  • Kulkina V.M.
    Collective individual of Paul Auster (from materials of the novel “The New York Trilogy”)

    The paper provides a brief review showing the origin of the new stage of development of the American literature expressed in emergence of the new type of the hero with characteristic traits of «the collective individual». Its emergence is characterized by mergence of philosophical and literary categories that is most brightly shown in “The New York Trilogy” by Paul Auster. Research gives a new view on the person (character) in the society and presents the point of view, innovative for the American literature, on the reader as the person capable to make spiritual jump from belief in the validity of the life (chosenness of the USA among all mankind) to the sacral truth (vision of the American nation as part of mankind). Work is based on proceedings of the Russian philosophers, supporters of intuitionalism (N.O. Lossky) and gnoseology (N.A. Berdyaev).

    pdf 104-109.pdf  (296 Kb)

  • Kuchmenko M.A.
    Providence, omens, dreams, daydreams and transformations as types of designing simulacra in J. Koshubaev’s text «There was a day of happiness»

    In this paper, we explore the phenomenon of the simulacrum performing a function of cognizing the truth in art space of postmodernism literature as a way to reflect the imagined reality. Within postmodern literary paradigm, we examine the ambivalent function of a simulacrum capable not only to destroy complete idea of reality, but also to form a new impossible object of perception splinters. Special attention is paid to dreams, which have conceptual significance in postmodernism poetics. The dream is a code which transposes terrestrial in eternal. The purpose of this research is to analyze the mechanism of formation and action of simulacra which replace artistic images in space of the postmodern text basing on material of the text of J. Koshubaev «There was a day of happiness». Scientific and practical importance of this research lies in that the obtained data can promote more detailed studying of this phenomenon having various forms of the realization in the art word since the complete theory of a simulacrum and methodology of its analysis in modern literary criticism is insufficiently developed.

    pdf 110-114.pdf  (289 Kb)

  • Naptsok B.R.
    Intertextual strategies in «Gothic» texts (from material of the English prose of the 18th century)

    We examine the intertextual strategies in the English «Gothic» prose of the 18th century basing on the concept of an intertext and intertextuality of M.M. Bakhtin, Yu Kristeva, etc. Two types of the intertextuality are analyzed: internal and external. Text realization of the internal intertextuality happens in a literary mystification, in insertable intra text elements. The external intertextuality is manifested in a syncretic intertextuality, hints, reminiscences and epigraphs. Methods of a historical, literary, textual and culturological research of fiction works are used. The scientific and practical importance and relevance of this work lie in that the intertextuality of «Gothic» texts is not investigated. Main are conclusions that in literary «Gothic style» the inter text is not only the organization of loans of the text, but also method of art thinking, based on entry of «Gothic» texts into a uniform discourse.

    pdf 115-121.pdf  (341 Kb)

  • Spachil O.V.
    Kuban Pre-Revolutionary Press on A. P. Chekhov: Two Obituaries

    The present research, carried out under the general theme «Chekhov and Kuban», is devoted to the response of contemporaries to A.P. Chekhov’s death. The purpose of the article is post-mortem examination of the portrait of the great writer, as it was reflected on the pages of the main newspaper of Kuban region. Obituary notes, published in the «Kubanskie Oblastnye Vedomosti» in 1904, are entered into the scientific circulation for the first time, they have never been studied by the scholars of Chekhov. The scientific value of the research is to enrich the picture of perception of A.P. Chekhov’s creativity through the study of attitude towards him in Kuban. Opinion of his Kuna contemporaries is very important and has never been taken into account, therefore, virtually eliminated from the background of important cultural processes of the 1900s, as well as in understanding the mechanisms of creating the so-called Chekhov’s myth. The use of cultural and historical method allows us to consider the obituaries in their correlation with the environment in which they appeared, and in connection with the sociological method of interpretation of literature, which played such an important role in the public mind of the late 19th - early 20th century, when writers were assigned the role of teachers and mentors. Kuban obituaries, in full compliance with the requirements of the genre, which reached by that time its heyday, fix the high status of A.P. Chekhov among the reading public, provide an assessment of his outstanding contribution to the spiritual life and culture of Russia. This aspect of the study of newspaper comments on the death of Chekhov is not only of historical and factual, but also of practical significance for the reconstruction of all-Russian and regional cultural context of the era.

    pdf 122-128.pdf  (320 Kb)

  • Skhalyakho D.S.
    Caucasus and Russia: art communications and influence as factor of cross-cultural dialogue

    The paper analyzes the peculiarities of interethnic cultural interaction as a social process. At the present stage of development of processes of cultural globalization, the study of any national literature is limited, provided it is considered outside the literature movement, because different national literature are somehow related to each other and their development is taking place in the atmosphere of these relations. Only in the course of interaction of literatures does the structure of the literary process appear as a moving reality, the carrier of elements of the national and world development. Therefore, the problems related to the integration of cultural ties, are in need of understanding and painstaking study. This is quite the relevance of the study of artistic relationships and influences as a factor of cross-cultural dialogue. The aim of this work is to understand the theoretical aspect of mutual enrichment and interpenetration of national literatures. Describing fiction as an art form, we arrive at a conclusion that in those circumstances, when dialogue in a broad sense of its value, was a prerequisite for the survival of mankind, the concept of the evolution of national literatures on the basis of their mutual influence not only comes into effect, but becomes an independent trend of the world literary process. Results of the analysis can be useful as one of many aspects of the study of the modern national ideological concept of the multinational Russian state, since it involves the study of the unity of Russian literature from the point of view of cultural interaction and friendly mutual influence of various ethnic groups.

    pdf 129-134.pdf  (299 Kb)

  • Khuazheva N.Kh., Tsey B.A.
    «White Gold and Coal» by Khabas Beshtokov: topics and problems

    The authors carry out a detailed textual analysis of works of Khabas Beshtokov from the book «White Gold and Coal» in original language. In this book, for the first time in the Adyghe literature the poet uses the synthesized genre - the novel diary in verses. The topics and problems of the novel diary and drama poems are considered. The emphasis is made on plot-composite creation of texts, a style and genre originality, features of art skill of the poet and language features of works. The considerable attention is paid to variety, novelty and efficiency of the methods and techniques used by the poet for substantiation of unity of practice and philosophy of life. The scientific and practical importance of this work is defined by its innovative character related to the textual analysis of the poor-studied Khabas Beshtokov’s works and by identification of topics and problems of the novel diary in verses. The carried-out analysis of works makes a certain contribution to comparative and typological literary criticism. In a research, methods of the historical, literary amd culturological analysis of the work of art are used. The conclusion is drawn that preservation of moral purity, traditions of ancestors is the firm moral basis of life. This is the spiritual feat of the «ideal» hero whose portrait characteristic was created by the poet Khabas Beshtokov in the book «White Gold and Coal». Results of this research can be used in creation of «History of the Adyghe (Circassian) Literature».

    pdf 135-140.pdf  (334 Kb)

  • Khuazheva N.Kh.
    Philosophical lyrics of Meulid Enamukov

    Verses and poems of Meulid Enamukov, the Adyghe poet, prose writer and translator who came back to the historical Homeland from Turkey, the member of the Russian Writers’ Union, are examined to carry out the literary analysis of philosophical lyrics of the poet (the collection of verses and poems «Thoughts about Mountains», 2005). An attempt is undertaken for the first time to estimate the author’s contribution to the Adyghe literature. Methods of the historical, literary, textual and culturological analysis of the work of art are used. The main content of a research is the analysis of the philosophical poem «Thoughts about Mountains» and poems written in the late 20th and in the early 21st centuries. The profound philosophical content of the poem is noted - a unification of the Nature and the Person, sense of the birth and appointment of the person, and creativity perception as pleasure. Characteristic features of creativity of Meulid Enamukov are allocated and described: each work is the whole and holistic world in which each element lives with feeling of own freedom, in full harmony with the world around; creation of works on a joint of perception of himself «in the foreign land» (in Turkey) and in the homeland; frequent use of «ring» composition in lyrics. The analysis of fiction texts of Meulid Enamukov allowed the author to draw conclusions on great poetic skills, on variety of the applied art and on pictorial means and techniques in works of the poet. The scientific and practical importance and relevance of this work are defined by its innovative character related to the textual analysis of Meulid Enamukov’s works which are not investigated in the Adyghe literature. Results of this research can be used in creation of the book «Stories of the Adyghe Literature».

    pdf 141-146.pdf  (312 Kb)

  • Chekalov P.K., Tamakhina E.Yu., Panesh S.R.
    Semantics of the opposition light/dark in the lyrics of A. Akhmatova

    The paper explores the role of color names in the lyrical poems of Anna Akhmatova. The aim of the paper is to define the semantics and to identify the semantic content of the opposition light / dark. This becomes important due to the fact that color becomes the key to the reading some poems and to interpreting the psychological state of the lyrical hero or heroine. This aspect will allow an adequate interpretation of the works of Akhmatova. The main research method is functional, but elements of mythological and motivic analysis are also used. On the basis of the study of twenty specific works, emotional, symbolic and semantic content of the lexemes «white» and «black», their correlation with different emotional states of the lyrical heroes were established. White light symbolizes the divine nature and at the same time death, the transition into the other world; black color, death, failure, hostility, gloomy and depressed state of lyrical heroine. The role of the dark color is defined in the description of the city and urban atmosphere. The research shows that color in the poetry of Akhmatova is an important component of psychological characteristics of the lyrical subject, a means of describing inner and outer worlds, and the spatial organization of the text. The importance and practical value of the work lies in revealing the semantic palette of the opposition light / dark.

    pdf 147-152.pdf  (323 Kb)

    Folkloristik
  • Gutov A.M.
    Nart Ozyrmes: image and typology

    Basing on previously published and archival materials, the sources and a typology of the image of one of the most popular characters of the Adyghean Nart epos are established for the first time. The historical - comparative method is used to define relationship of cycle motives with the Adyghean and Caucasian mythology. Principal attributes of the image are disclosed in the light of the concept of common historical and cultural roots of the epos. An indicator of the popularity of legends about Ozyrmes is not only the number of stories and frequency of their fixation, but also the geography of their distribution established for the first time. The reason is found why the productive period of the cycle devoted to this hero is so large - from early stages of formation of a patriarchal and patrimonial system to late forms marking transition to class society. This corresponds to a prolonged phase of early feudal relations giving rise to such a generic feature of the epos of the early type as a reflection of imaginary events and generalized ideal images rather than specific events and historical figures. Disclosed relationship between the content of the epic cycle and the nature of reality reflection in it promotes originally scientific understanding of the nature of mythological thinking and its transformation in the epos.

    pdf 153-157.pdf  (350 Kb)

  • Kudaeva Z.Zh.
    Songs about Kostryuk and Kabardian Prince Temryuk: two views

    The paper investigates the ideological and art features of the Russian and Kabardian historical songs related to Ivan the Terrible’s marriage on the Kabardian princess Maria Temryukovna. Text materials of songs give an idea of a cycle of works noted for diverse contents. The analysis basing on numerous national sources and periodicals reflects their genre, structural and style features. The Russian national and Kabardian historical songs dedicated to the political alliance between the Russian State and feudal Kabarda display various national estimates of this political event and are similar in the poetic form. The analysis technique constructed on combination of the principles of sociocultural and comparative-historical methods of research helps to show not only ideological and art lines of the separate folklore phenomena, but also to put theoretical problems of folklore as esthetic phenomenon. The ideological and art originality of the Russian and Kabardian historical songs dedicated to marriage of Ivan the Terrible is defined. National peculiarities of works are noted. An attempt of their systematization and genre classification is made. Results of research and conclusions of work can be used to study problems of folklore and literature.

    pdf 158-164.pdf  (321 Kb)

  • Pokotylo M.V.
    Satirical narrative: the ontologic status of folklore models in plot morphology

    The aim of this paper is to examine models of folklore as the constituents of the satirical narrative. Methodology of the research is due to the specifics of the object and the subject: an integrated approach is applied to study a satirical narrative in unity of the historical and genetic, comparative-historical and typological methods specified by means of the principles of structuralism, post-structuralism, hermeneutics and phenomenology. The scientific value lies in establishing the role of narrative in the explication of the author’s concept of the world, therefore the satirical trend of the narrative acquires specific properties precisely eventful as its fundamental trait. The plot is interpreted from positions of its formation by means of folklore models, and it is necessary to consider lack of reference character at these types of a narrative a prerequisite of their functioning in the satirical narrative and synthesis of the last with philosophical. Satirical conditionality as its special type develops on the basis of folklore models, and ability immanently inherent in a narrative to create the worlds which do not have reference character allows formation of such types of conditionality in which communication with reality is almost lost. The practical importance is caused by a possibility of use of results of research when studying modifications of satire in its historical dynamics, and also in consideration of features of various genres.

    pdf 165-170.pdf  (315 Kb)

  • Unarokova R.B., Unarokova F.D.
    Subject domain of a song complaint of Lilyusha: lingual folklore aspect

    Lilyusha’s song complaint is examined to detect specifics of its subject domain. This problem is investigated in a lingual folkloristic aspect for the first time. Therefore it is topical and new. The history of the main hero, from whose name the song is composed, is described. The time context of events, the motives of which are reflected in subject space of the text, is characterized. The subject domain of a song is analyzed as a part of whole, and as a system-forming fragment of the Adyghe folklore picture of the world. A practical part is based on one text unit. The structure of subject domain of the song complaint, the components of which are semes «the homeless childhood», «life beyond the law», «prison», «fear of oblivion», «pain for the family», is defined. The attributes, actualizing semes of subject domain of a song, are analyzed. The method of the comparative and typological analysis of the folklore text, and lexicographic method are used. The importance of this work is in use of its results in study of lingual folkloristic specifics of subject domain of all the Adyghe modern songs complaints. The conclusion is drawn about a variety of types of the art organization of semes in subject domain of a certain folklore text.

    pdf 171-175.pdf  (314 Kb)

  • Khakuasheva M.A.
    Contemporary literary myth: genesis and tendencies

    The paper updates the value of myth and its reflection in contemporary literature, outlines the key stages of its development, which can detect the dominant facets of scientific and cultural interest in it at different stages of its development. Occurrence of neomythologism in modern Adyghe literature of the late twentieth century led to interest in the myth of the theory, in particular, its historical and analytical discourse. Authors of the paper release intertext as a constant figure, which in different forms is present in the works of Adyghe authors, and allows us to consider it as symptomatic technique in artistic representation of the novel-myth or story-a parable. An analysis of the history of myth convinces in universalization of development of the novel-myth genre, which has acquired a global distribution, including the North Caucasus region. This study belongs to the new and poorly studied areas of literary criticism, and, of course, will be of interest to philologists and cultural scientists.

    pdf 176-182.pdf  (324 Kb)

  • Chamokov T.N.
    On combination of Pagan and Christian religious images and motives in the ancient Adyghe songs incantations

    It is well known that in oral poetic creativity of Adyghes, genre modifications of a song figure prominently. In this paper we put the task to clarify the questions related to reflection in the ancient Adyghe songs incantations of Pagan and Christian motives and figurative means. The data obtained within the research, based on studying of numerous domestic sources and periodicals cover archaic layer of national songs, reflect the signs of pagan belief shown in it in the conditions of the settled polytheism, and give the characteristic of transformation of the Christian motives which also exerted impact on oral prose and poetry of the people. Pagan and Christian motives and figurative means, in the author’s opinion, exerted especially strong impact on formation of genre forms of a song incantation. The analysis technique relying on the integrated approach, combining the principles of historical-literary and comparative - typological methods of research helps to reveal art features of separate folklore works and to correlate them to theoretical problems of folklore as phenomenal esthetic phenomenon. Work specifies sources and character of art forms of songs incantations and expands, thus, idea of genres of the Adyghe folklore that promotes definition of a national originality of the all Adyghe folklore. Results of the analysis and author’s conclusions can be used in investigating the theory and history of folklore and literature and in development of textbooks and education manuals.

    pdf 183-188.pdf  (330 Kb)

  • Shkhabatseva M.A.
    Adyghe children’s game folklore

    The Adyghe children’s game folklore is examined. In the Adyghe folklore studies some questions concerning genre specifics of separate games, and poetics of the texts included in their plot were investigated. However children’s game folklore as the holistic phenomenon was not investigated. In this work the problem of classification of the Adyghe children’s game folklore and description of specifics of functioning of the fiction text in the game field is put for the first time. This is relevant. The scientific and practical importance of the paper is that the principles of classification of children’s game folklore and genre structure are defined. Poetic forms of word games are of special interest. The types of texts functioning in a verbal part of games are analyzed, and the attention is focused on their art specifics. Such types as role texts, texts of the game right, game magic, texts of encouragement and punishments are allocated. Game loci are defined. Art formulas of texts are considered. In outdoor subject games of special importance are poetic counting rhymes, formulas beginnings, formulas - rules of the game and trailer formulas. Comparative, structural and typological methods of research are applied. The author comes to a conclusion that children’s game folklore of the Adyghes is rather diverse and promotes physical and intellectual development of children. Artistically organized texts, which are contained in games, allow us to define their genre specifics.

    pdf 189-193.pdf  (311 Kb)

    Journalism
  • Mirumyan A.G.
    City as imagology object

    The city is explored as an imagology object. Prerequisites of designing the image of the city are made. In view of this we reveal and describe the components of the image of the city as the absolute factors promoting construction of effective marketing and PR-strategies. This work studies numerous scientific articles on the basis of which the author focuses attention to the new role of provincial towns rather than the capital cities of Russia in formation of image of the country on the whole as is accepted. In this we see relevance of this research, its scientific and practical importance. Subimage of the city is promising for further research. The analysis method is applied. Views are provided on the basis of which the image of the city is formed.

    pdf 194-197.pdf  (297 Kb)

  • Nechay Yu.P., Khlopunova O.V.
    Specific features of the modern book market in Russia

    The paper considers the components of domestic book market in terms of economy and major difficulties in its formation and development. Based on the data, obtained through the scientific research in which numerous domestic and foreign sources of periodicals have been studied, the current state of Russian Publishing System is analyzed. Scientific and practical significance of this work is determined by its innovative nature related to the consideration of the weak links in Russian Book Publishing and negative trends and problems which cannot be solved yet. It is noted that the state of Russian Publishing System is still weak and requires fundamental changes. The results of the study can be used to improve the marketing environment of Russian Book Market.

    pdf 198-203.pdf  (313 Kb)

  • Khazhgerieva A.A.
    Electronic media as tool to form positive image of the Adyghea Republic

    Information resources of the Internet space are explored as a tool to form and advance the positive image of the region. Special attention is paid to Internet mass-media as to the available source of obtaining information having unlimited audience. A research objective is to reveal the audience informing sources, their role in advancing a brand of Adyghea, and to form its positive image. An attempt is undertaken to make a certain contribution to a research of ways of formation of the region image in information space, to increase its popularity and to recognize the Adyghea Republic by electronic media. The basis of this research is elucidation of image of the Adyghea Republic in network media in the Russian media space. The data obtained within this scientific research are based on studying numerous electronic media sources and promote definition of information source reliability on the Internet. The conclusion is drawn that introduction of an interactive becomes the leading tendency of mass media in the Russian information space. This circumstance leads to rapid distribution of information on the region, on the advance of the Adyghea Republic brand, and on its positive image. The obtained data can find application in the course of optimization of the Adyghea Republic positive image formation. This will expand opportunities for attracting investments to the region, doing it more attractive to inhabitants and tourists.

    pdf 204-209.pdf  (293 Kb)

    Study of Arts
  • Voitleva N.A.
    Some aspects of studying musical culture of the people of the North Caucasu

    One of the important directions in music education is studying the ethnoculture, customs, traditions, folklore, and professional musical art of the people inhabiting the region. The comparative analysis of music of the people of the Caucasus shows that a range of problems and the figurative sphere are similar, that musical texture of works is penetrated by typical lines of national music – melodics, rhythmics and harmony – and that folk musical art in synthesis with professional composer art find reflection in works of composers of the North Caucasus. Involvement of younger generation in this area of musical knowledge and formation of the positive attitude to art, in particular, to musical culture of native and other ethnoses allows solving problems of esthetic and moral education. This paper is addition to the available theoretical and methodical presentations related to studying folk music and music of composers of the Caucasus.

    pdf 210-215.pdf  (361 Kb)

  • Kazakova N.Yu.
    Basic principles of story development of a game project within the framework of game design

    Characteristic features and functions of the plot in art in general and in game design as its branch in particular are defined and analyzed, considering various technological and formal restrictions imposed by the digital environment of the project, as well as by need to meet expectations of target audience in many respects dictated by genre of the project. Data obtained as a result of studying the numerous Russian and foreign authoritative sources and peer-reviewed periodicals on various aspects of game design, ludology and digital technologies promote definition of a role and functions of the plot in experiencing certain emotions in gameplay by the user, highlighting the relationship between the plot and the genre, as well as the adaptation of archetypes that are an integral part of the plot to the needs and conditions of the digital environment. The theoretical importance of this research lies in an attempt to adapt tools and previously obtained results concerning the principles of plot development of other art forms, such as cinema and literature, to the implementation in such a highly sophisticated and fast developing discipline as game design in order to increase the artistic and esthetic value of projects and deepen the sense of immersion in the gameplay, as well as to facilitate and fasten the self-identification of a user with a character within the gameplay. The practical importance of the procured data lies in the possibility to use the present best practices for simplification of plot development of a game project based on the understanding of the plot structure and the dynamics of the development of each of its parts. The latter in its turn allows decreasing production costs and the number of the internal contradictions that are able to lower the quality of a project and worsen its esthetic and consumer properties. On the whole, the obtained data can be used both in actual practice in order to systematize the development process in a highly competitive market and be used as a theoretical base for an in-depth study of the principles of game design being a project discipline occupying a unique position on a joint at the confluence of esthetics and information technology.

    pdf 216-222.pdf  (305 Kb)

  • Kanatova A.R.
    Meaning of the concept «shertpe» in the Kazakh dombra traditional music

    The etymology of the term «shertpe» in the Kazakh dombra traditional culture is examined. Relevance of work is defined by novelty of a subject and its cross-disciplinary character. The goal of the paper is to reveal a complex of meanings of the concept «shertpe» that allows reconstruction of the ancient processes happening in culture. It is suggested that the term «shertpe» was derived from the verb «shert» (to click a finger) or attribute «sher» (special emotional state of mind). Folklore idioms, the Kazakh proverbs and sayings, and term descriptions in dictionaries serve a proof. Several variants of formation of this term are possible: the word describes a way of sound extraction on dombra and/or designates a strong emotional response to the event «sher» when «soul strings» are touched. Debatable character of the put-forward provisions is noted that can arouse particular interest in the subject from philologists, linguists, specialists in folklore and ethnic musicologists. In conclusions, an emphasis is placed on semantic plurality of word meanings «sher», «shert», «shertip» and «shertkish», reflecting depth of tradition and the content of dombra music, sound fullness and a manner of sound extraction. Terminological «family» is related to disclosure of internal content of tradition shertpe.

    pdf 223-227.pdf  (317 Kb)

  • Nesterov S.I.
    Genre interactions in music for a violin solo of the last third of the 20th century

    For the first time an analysis is carried out of the genre and stylistic interaction in music for solo violin of the last third of the twentieth century, created by order of the performers, the competition jury members, and on Memorial occasions which entered the concert and educational repertoire. The goal of this study is to identify the specificities of such interactions in the works with genre designation (variations on the Royal theme of Jung and Echo-sonata of Shchedrin) and works where the genre signs are hidden («Aurora Ring» by Kajponen, Fantasy «In memory of Oistrakh» by Frolov and Zaborov’s Improvisation). The leading feature of the considered works is their multi-genre character, where the genre acts as a model of compositional-technical experiment of the author. At Jung and Shchedrin this is a two-tier process: sonata’s Allegro at the highest level as a result of variation grouping by sonata standards. Disclosed is the interpenetration of the principles of an era of Baroque with citing Bach’s themes and composer technologies of the 20th century. The second type – genre hybrids – where the core genre is identified (sonata’s Allegro in Zaborov’s Improvisation, classic or poem unicycles at Kajponen and Frolov), synthesized with the regularities of variations, rondos, fantasies, virtuoso etudes, caprices. Rigid constructive methods of deployment and compression of interval and accord complexes, their dispersals in space of a vertical and horizontal with the subsequent integration are used. Style and genre intertextuality helps build large-scale philosophical concepts: tragic from Shchedrin and Frolov, the concept of transformation from Jung and Kajponen, the virtual universe from Zaborov’s Improvisation. The findings are in line with the priority issues of modern musicology.

    pdf 228-235.pdf  (357 Kb)

  • Ponkina A.M.
    Methodological principles of Sigurd Rascher and their role in the evolution of performing on saxophone in the first half of the twentieth century

    In the paper, for the first time, the methodological principles of S. Rascher that influenced the evolution of saxophonists’ thinking in the early twentieth century are examined on the basis of the analysis of teaching manual “Top-tones for the saxophone. Four-octave range”. The choice of material was due to a special interest in methodological legacy of the musician. In the book, the author, one of the first, focuses on mandatory preliminary work necessary to expand the range, which is based on the development of the inner ear, flexibility of embouchure and formation of air jet management skills. Central in this concept was the provision requiring mastery of ultra-high register of the saxophone, previously this was not paid attention. Quite significant are the findings of mastering and improving speed dynamics. The attention is focused on achieving uniformity of tone and volume of each sound in the entire range of the instrument. Significant were the thoughts on the relationship of the internal hearing and mental abilities of performer, helping to control the sound production. Truly revolutionary are remarks about the need to combine the ability to extract overtone with fingering of ultrahigh register. Beliefs of S. Rascher and many issues touched by him to some extent anticipated the principles of performance in the subsequent historical periods and continued to develop fruitfully in the second half of the twentieth century.

    pdf 236-240.pdf  (288 Kb)

  • Khabakhu A.G.
    Traditions and innovation of the early 20th - century art

    The paper analyzes how the main tendencies in development of the fine arts in the early 20th century changed. Some conditions of emergence of the vanguard directions, their distinctive features and the relation to traditional academic art are noted. The publication examines the reasons which can interfere with perception of unusual and new. The research is implemented on the basis of theoretical works of the leading avant-garde artists of the early 20th century V.V. Kandinsky, K.S. Malevich and F.T. Marinetti. This made it possible to understand and estimate their creativity and creativity of other representatives of vanguard from the new point of view. On the basis of the analysis of works of representatives of art and other scientists and researchers, we consider historical, social and psychological aspects of emergence of the conditions promoting degradation of classical heritage of the fine arts, as well as the reasons of the antagonistic relations between traditional art and the arising avant-gardism. The practical importance of research can be that it discloses internal motives and the causes of conflict between traditional and vanguard art that will give understanding of works of avant-garde artists and will open opportunities for understanding of the specific vanguard work. The research, basing on data from various sources and including works of the famous avant-garde artists, will give a reason to study creativity and perception of nonconventional art from the point of view of the scientist-creator, the artist-researcher, who by using the conscious word submits the creative concept. Important practical value of this research is that it can help direct study of the works complex in form and content to the area of the conceptual theoretical analysis basing on primary sources.

    pdf 241-246.pdf  (294 Kb)

    Biological Sciences
  • Shumilov D.S., Tuguz A.R., Smolkov I.V., Kulova I.G., Muzhenya D.V., Ashkanova T.M.
    G197A gene polymorphisms of IL-17A proinflammatory cytokine at coronary atherosclerosis

    G197A gene polymorphisms of the main proinflammatory cytokine IL-17A are statistically significantly higher than normal at cardiovascular diseases developing against the background of coronary atherosclerosis. The 197A allele is associated with ischemic heart disease (1), arterial hypertension (2), and chronic heart failure of the II type (3) at the Russian men (respectively P1=0,05, OR1=3,25; P2=0,01, OR2=3,84; P3=0,02, OR3=2,58). In Adyghes population (men), at ischemic heart disease frequencies of G197 allele and G197G of IL-17A gene genotype are authentically in-creased (P=0,03, OR=3,62; P=0,02, OR=1,82).

    pdf 39-46.pdf  (458 Kb)

  • Sirotyuk E.A., Ayba E.A., Gergiya I.G.
    Eñologic and geografical variability of Gentiana septemfida Pall. in mountain phytocenoses of Abkhazia

    The paper provides the results obtained during a study of variability of 11 morphological features of Gentiana septemfida in subalpine and Alpine phytocenoses of Tsandrypshsky, Lower-Bzybsky and Gagra districts of the Republic of Abkhazia. The obtained data confirm instability of the majority of the studied parameters. At the same time higher values of morphological features of individuals and lower level of variability can indirectly testify to optimum conditions of the environment in Alpine communities.

    pdf 47-54.pdf  (671 Kb)

  • Arakhova F.M., Shaov M.T., Pshikova O.V., Kurdanov Kh.A., Balkarova M.Kh., Kazanova D.Kh.
    The dynamics of blood gas status under the influence of impulse hypoxia and pulse electroacoustic signals model

    The paper examines the impact of high-altitude hypoxia and the models of electroacoustic signals (EAS) of pulse “Sfigmoton” on oxygen saturation and concentration of carbon dioxide in human arterial blood. The studies were conducted under conditions of low and high altitude mode: Nalchik (512 m, starting point) → Azau, Elbrus (2300 m on the rise) → station “Mir” (3500 m, alpine hypoxia) → Azau (downhill) → Nalchik. The results show that in the group of the experience under the influence of pulse-frequency of hypoxia in combination with EAS “Sfigmoton” occurs significantly smaller decrease in oxygen saturation in the high altitude conditions than in the control group; the concentration of carbon dioxide in arterial blood increases towards the norm, thus restoring blood flow to organs and tissues.

    pdf 55-60.pdf  (350 Kb)

  • Siyukhova D.B., Babicheva L.G.
    Ways of correction of anemia in oncological patients

    Anemia is defined when a hemoglobin value is less than or equal to 12 g/dl for all men and women over 50 years of age, and less than or equal to 11 g/dl for women under 50 years of age. Untreated anemia is common in cancer patients. Previous studies have demonstrated that both the existence of cancer and treatment with chemotherapy can suppress the normal endogenous erythropoietic response to anemia, making some cancer patients transfusion candidates. Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents reduce anemia in patients with cancer and improve their quality of life.

    pdf 61-66.pdf  (344 Kb)

  • Kolomiytseva N.S., Kagazezheva N.Kh., Doronina N.V.
    The analysis of the major factors defining efficiency of adaptive mechanisms taking into account the motive mode of 10–12 year-old pupils

    The paper discusses the need to improve physical training of school students, to amplify the motive mode at children and teenagers for the purpose of optimization of their somatic and vegetative function development, including mechanisms of cardiorespiratory system. Parallel cycling occupations, as the offered mode of physical activity, provide development of children’s cardiorespiratory system up to standard which is supported by the positive dynamics of indicators of physical working capacity (PWC170) which is indirectly characterizing a functional condition of cardiorespiratory system.

    pdf 67-71.pdf  (357 Kb)

  • Tolstikova T.N., Ednich E.M., Chernyavskaya I.V.
    Catalog of angiospermous plant species in the Adyghe State University Herbarium (part I) (An Acronym in Index Herbariorum – May)

    The paper presents the short history of formation of the Herbarium and the list of the Asteraceae family plants which are stored in the Herbarium Fund of the Adyghe State University.

    pdf 72-77.pdf  (370 Kb)

  • Khakunova M.M., Akhtaov R.A., Tseeva N.A.
    Express diagnostics of a functional condition of the organism systems in pupils of boarding school

    Complex diagnostics of pupils of boarding school was carried out in a number of directions on the basis of the Adyghe Republican Boarding School with assistance of Research Institute of Complex Problems of the Adyghe State University. The Health Center of Scientific Research Institute of AGU performed express diagnostics of a functional condition of teenagers’ organism systems by means of the automated program AMCAT-KOBEPT to solve problems of prenosological control. Simultaneously the integrated indicator of health and degree of tension of regulatory systems, such as degree of emotional tension, a tone of the autonomic nervous system, a condition of a lymph dynamics, and oxygen consumption by tissues were quantitatively estimated. Violation of the lymph dynamics at a greater half of surveyed was diagnosed. A certain dependence of local violations of the lymph dynamics on degree of emotional pres-sure was revealed.

    pdf 78-86.pdf  (368 Kb)

  • Kagazezheva N.Kh., Kolomiytseva N.S., Doronina N.V.
    Obesity and existence of addictions as risk factor in healthy lifestyle at inhabitants of the Adyghea Republic

    An analysis is undertaken to identify risk factors, such as excess weight, obesity and tobacco smoking at the patients who are on hospitalization in the Adyghe Republican Clinical Hospital (Maikop). Research carried out on expressiveness of obesity depending on gender shows that this violation is more distinctly expressed at women (greater number of patients with the second, third and fourth degree of obesity). The main part of the surveyed sick at all depart-ments is presented by the people having from first to the fourth degree of obesity. Least number of patients with the excess body weight is revealed at the Gastroenterologic and Pulmonary departments. Results of the conducted re-searches convincingly indicate that a large number of people in our region do not control their weight that promotes development of chronic diseases. Influence of excess weight as risk factor of coronary heart disease, hypertension, os-teochondrosis and diabetes is distinctly traced.

    pdf 87-91.pdf  (355 Kb)

  • Devterova N.I.
    Efficiency of various techniques of the soil and fertilizer processing at clover cultivation in a crop rotation in southern foothill zone of Adyghea

    The paper discusses the influence of various ways of processing the soil and types and norms of fertilizers on productivity of 2 year clover. As a result of researches we revealed efficiency of an after-effect processing by a chizel plow and of all fertilizers introduced under crops of a clover. A bioenergetic assessment of various techniques of cultivation is given. The most highly profitable and energetically preferable variants are revealed. Energy effect of the after-effect processing by a chizel plow is higher than that of a plowing. As a result of researches we have detected that the energy unit enclosed in production provides 5 units of a bioenergy.

    pdf 92-96.pdf  (312 Kb)

  • Pshikanokova N.I.
    Labour market and migratory processes in Russia

    Problems of regulation of labor migration are investigated in the context of processes of globalization and worldwide policy of immigration. Russia became the center of regional migratory system now that is explained by excess of labor migration of number of the persons arriving in the country to a constant residence. Need of improvement of regulation policy of labor migration is proved on the basis of assessment of its scales and effects.

    pdf 97-98.pdf  (279 Kb)

    Mathematics
  • Ushkho A.D., Feklistov G.S.
    Study of FitzHugh-Nagumo differential model

    The mathematically exact proof is given to the behavior of solutions of FitzHugh-Nagumo differential system in different areas of the phase plane at certain values of parameters.

    pdf 11-16.pdf  (368 Kb)

  • Shovgenov D.A.
    Combinatorial-geometric characteristics of the problem of a balanced complete bipartite subgraph

    In this paper, we study graph of polyhedron of the following problem. A complete edge-weighted bipartite graph is given. We consider all of its complete subgraphs with fixed number of vertices. It is required to find among them a subgraph with the minimum (maximum) total weight of edges.

    pdf 17-20.pdf  (312 Kb)

  • Stash A.Kh.
    On rigorous inequalities between the lower and higher main frequencies of the third order differential equation

    Rigorous inequality conditions have been obtained between lower and higher main frequencies of linear homogeneous third-order differential equation with continuous bounded coefficients.

    pdf 21-27.pdf  (363 Kb)

  • Shishkin A.B.
    Algebraic orientation of sets (ordering sets). I. Simplexing

    The paper develops an algebraic approach to orientation and introduces the concepts of partially simplex set and quite simplex set. It has been shown that any partial order generates the corresponding ratio of the partial simplex. This procedure generates a complete attitude of complete simplex. It follows that any set can be well-simplexed.

    pdf 28-38.pdf  (443 Kb)

    Technical Sciences
  • Kashin Ya.M., Kashin A.Ya., Knyazev A.S., Raklo A.V.
    Research on dependence of capacity of synchronous electric machines on the main sizes and frequency of the rotor rotation

    The paper deals with the choice of the main sizes of the electric machine at a design n stage. The work provides the results of researches on influence of change of the main sizes of the synchronous generator and frequency of the rotor rotation on change of its phase pressure and capacity.

    pdf 99-108.pdf  (603 Kb)

  • Panesh A.Kh.
    The advantages and disadvantages of software-defined computer networks

    The paper summarizes three directions of the implementation of Software Defined Networking (SDN): SDN based on Open SDN, SDN based on existing APIs and SDN via Hypervisor-based overlay networks. In the first case, the OpenFlow protocol is used, in the second case RESTful API for network management is used and in the third case hypervisors of virtual machines in data center are used. The paper shows that the choice of a SDN when building a computer network depends on the particular network requirements, taking into account the advantages and disadvan-tages of options considered.

    pdf 109-113.pdf  (423 Kb)

  • Kashin Ya.M., Kashin A.Ya., Knyazev A.S., Raklo A.V.
    Through designing synchronous electric machines with permanent magnets

    The paper describes a through design of electromechanical devices and the stages of through design of electric machines (EM). A design of radial, axial and conic synchronous EM with permanent magnets (PM) is considered. The way to realize the first stage of through design of synchronous EM with PM using the developed technique of their design is described. The way to realize the second stage of through design of synchronous EM with PM by automatic construction of three-dimensional models of EM in program Maxwell 16 is described. Three-dimensional computer models of axial and radial synchronous generators with PM and results of their analysis in program Maxwell 16 are presented. Possibility of using the program Ansys Workbench 14.5 for complex analysis of EM is described at per-formance of the second stage of through designing EM. The third and fourth stages of through designing EM are not considered in the paper.

    pdf 114-121.pdf  (1 Mb)

    Economics history
  • Gurskaya M.M.
    Genesis of accounting education (ending)

    The paper provides the results of research of the book of Benedetto Cotrugli (1458). It was the first book of the double record describing rules of conducting financial accounting using a method. The author also presents one of its copies which is widen with a note dated by 1475. It describes in details not only features of conducting financial accounting at that time, but also allows to study economic and social situation of medieval Europe in general.

    pdf 39-48.pdf  (247 Kb)

  • Tkharkakhova I.G., Ponokova D.I.
    Historical, economic, legal, accounting and economic aspects of depreciable assets

    The scientific article reviews and analyzes the main issues related to the problematic of historical, accounting, economic and legal aspects of the management of depreciable assets of economic entities. It draws its attention to those aspects of each of the considered positions that are most important for accounting service of the organization. The authors propose a set of tools that contribute to the formation of a systematic approach to the issue of the methodology of economic-legal analysis and organization of accounting in the system of collateral security of the organization based on the analysis of the theoretical and practical techniques and methods of accounting support of depreciable assets,.

    pdf 49-53.pdf  (82 Kb)

    Memory

  • pdf 122-124.pdf  (255 Kb)

    Cognitive Ecoomy
  • Karanashev A.Kh., Selivanov S.V.
    Cognitive models application in the regional environmental and economic management (on the example of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic)

    The scientific article considers the application of fuzzy cognitive models in the environmental and economic management of the region on the example of the Kabardino-Balkarian republic. The authors substantiate the necessity for selecting investment projects, programs, grants aimed at the ecological and economic system developing, taking into account system indicators and forecast scenarios of changes in the state of the ecological and economic system of the region. Modeling was carried out by using the decision of the support system «IGLA».

    pdf 144-148.pdf  (125 Kb)


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