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2023.4HistoryAybazov A.I., Skhalyakho R.A.ON THE EXTRACTION, PROCESSING AND EXPORT OF NATURAL RESOURCES FROM KARACHAY (EARLY 1800s – 1860s)
In the specific conditions of the North Caucasus in the first half of the 19th century, the local population tended to meet their needs for resources such as iron, lead and gunpowder components at their own expense. The establishment of external trade relations was largely underdeveloped during this period. Leading powers intermittently imposed prohibitions and restrictions on the peoples of North Caucasus, limiting the sale of the materials necessary for weapon and gunpowder manufacturing. The evidence at our disposal confirms the fact that the Karachays extracted and processed the above-mentioned resources as without doing so, their own safety and property would have been compromised. Written sources further indicate that the Karachays were skilled in the extraction and processing of iron, which is confirmed by the data of archaeology, folklore and toponymy. The Karachays used iron to make cold weapons and alloy for casting bullets. A number of sources indicate the extraction and processing of lead in Karachay. with the region being sufficiently abundant in this resource, leading to its surplus being traded with neighboring populations. The Karachays, like neighboring peoples, knew how to make gunpowder. Naturally occurring saltpeter, which is quite rare in nature, greatly facilitated its production. Collectively, the available written materials confirm that Karachay served as a vital source of raw materials for the rebellious highlanders during the Caucasian War. In addition, the Karachays engaged in imports during the mentioned period. They purchased essential resources, such as iron, lead, sulfur, and gunpowder, as per their requirements. However, the socio-economic landscape underwent a significant transformation in the latter half of the 19th century. This paper aims to analyze the factors that contributed to the decline and eventual disappearance of trades associated with the extraction and processing of the aforementioned resources.
US «SOFT POWER» POLICY TOWARDS KAZAKHSTAN AND KYRGYZSTAN IN THE 1990S
In the modern world, the use of technologies and methods of “soft power” is acquiring an increasing role and importance in solving complex issues of international life, one of the most important areas of which is the systematic use by the state of its educational potential in the international arena. The purpose of this work is to identify the features of US international educational policy in the context of its use as a component of the American “soft power” strategy in the specific historical space of the countries of Central Asia in the 1990s. The study of the US international educational policy, operating in the paradigm of its “soft power”, is of significant interest for understanding the evolution of the US foreign policy concept in the context of the new geopolitical situation that arose in connection with the collapse of the USSR, the interpretation of new forms, directions, techniques and methods of its implementation in years in question in post-Soviet states. The article analyzes the work of educational institutions and resource centers founded on the territory of the Central Asian states in the 1990s and which are still working today. The conclusion is drawn about the increasing destructive potential of American educational programs introduced into the system of cultural and humanitarian development of the countries of Central Asia.
DOMESTIC POLICY ON THE REHABILITATION OF SOLDIERS AT STATE-OWNED RESORTS IN THE HISTORY OF RUSSIA (1914)
The article reveals one of the periods in the history of state-owned resorts and their adaptation for wartime needs during the First World War. For the first time, an attempt was made to explore the role of government bodies, the Ministry of Trade and Industry, based on the documents of the interdepartmental Meeting held at the Pyatigorsk resort (from November 29 to December 8, 1914).
This research aims to lay the foundation for understanding the subsequent period associated with the development of projects and mechanisms for managing and financing the establishment of hospital facilities within various departmental affiliations at the All-Russian Congress on the improvement of domestic medical areas (January, 1915).
The work analyzes the transformation of state-owned health resorts in Russia during the initial phase of World War I, examining the shift from a seasonal operational cycle to a year-round model. It explores the expansion of resort capacities and the establishment of additional medical facilities. A previously unexplored aspect of the history of state-owned resorts during this wartime period is elucidated, shedding light on the role of central government bodies in organizing rehabilitation centers to cater to the needs of the sick and wounded.
Of particular scientific interest is the comparative analysis conducted, which examines the specific measures undertaken by the Mining Department to adapt each resort to the needs of war. This comparative approach focuses on two historically significant resorts: The Caucasian Mineral Waters, established in 1803 and situated in the North Caucasus region, and the Lipetsk resort in central Russia, founded in 1717.
The experience of organizing rehabilitation centers at resorts owned by the state by central authorities was used during the Great Patriotic War and other military conflicts and continues to hold enduring importance in the realm of military healthcare management.
FORMS OF CULTURAL AND EDUCATIONAL WORK AMONG ADYGHE WOMEN IN 1920-1930S IN ADYGHEA
The article examines the progress of cultural and educational work among Adyghe women in 1920-1930, its forms and methods of work. The October events of 1917 and the subsequent political decisions of the Bolshevik Party provided the basis for global changes in all spheres of public life of the state. Among the various social and political objectives pursued by the party, one notable aspect was the promotion of gender equality, particularly concerning “mountain women”. However, it is important to note that the feminist sentiments associated with this movement were not the sole driving force behind the Bolsheviks' agenda. Instead, their true intention was to actively engage the "liberated" women in the construction of a socialist society. To achieve this objective, it was recognized that urgent educational efforts were needed, primarily due to the prevalent issue of widespread illiteracy among women, which hindered the government's ability to effectively disseminate its propaganda and ideologies. Consequently, the party implemented various forms of cultural and educational initiatives targeting women within national regions. The focus of this article is to characterize the specific circumstances surrounding the cultural and educational initiatives among Adyghe women during the 1920-1930s, while also analyzing the unique challenges encountered during the introduction of female education within the indigenous population of the region. In order to address this research objective, the article uses several scientific research methods, including problem-chronological analysis, narrative analysis, and historical-genetic analysis. The analysis of these sources reveals that the government employed a range of different forms and strategies in their educational work aimed at women, which, when combined, yielded tangible results in terms of improving female literacy and fostering active participation in socialist construction. Despite the fact that certain “taboos” continued to exist in the Adyghe society, the authorities achieved the elimination of illiteracy among women and stimulated their education.
ETHNOREGIONAL COMPONENT IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS OF SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN KARACHAY-CHERKESSIA (LATE 1980S -1990S)
This article explores the institutionalization of the ethnoregional component within the secondary education system of Karachay-Cherkessia during the late 1980s and 1990s, as well as its results and consequences. The study highlights how urbanization, the emergence of a multiethnic environment, and increased interethnic marriages in Karachay-Cherkessia resulted in a decline of native language proficiency and the erosion of the cultural heritage among the mountain youth residing in cities by the mid-1980s. However, the onset of democratic reforms in the latter half of the 1980s provided an opportunity for the peoples of Karachay-Cherkessia to exercise their constitutional right to receive education in their mother tongue. The reflection of these processes was the introduction of an ethnoregional component into the educational process of schools in the region, which allowed students to master their native language, get an idea of the spiritual and material culture of their people, their customs and traditions, literature and history.
The most important role in the stable teaching of the ethnocomponent in schools of Karachay-Cherkessia was played by the regional Institute for teacher training, which provided retraining of teachers, the creation of textbooks and teaching aids. In general, the end of the 1980s–1990s was the period of the highest presence of the ethnoregional component in the secondary education system of Karachay–Cherkessia.
SociologyBEDRIK A.V., VOYTENKO V.P.STRUCTURE AND FACTORS OF FORMATION OF DIASPORA IDENTITIES IN THE SOUTH OF RUSSIA (CASE-STUDY RESEARCH EXPERIENCE)
The article examines the phenomenon of diaspora identity as a factor in the reproduction of the ethnocultural diversity of Russian society in the macroregion of the South of Russia. The study identifies basic factors in the reproduction of diaspora identities, which include the historical homeland, reasons for migration, prospects for repatriation, and identity politics of diaspora organizations. The phenomenon of diaspora identity is analyzed at several levels: ethnic, regional, historical, religious, civil, linguistic and institutional. The totality and hierarchy of all components of diaspora identity determines the specific status of an ethnic group in the multicultural society of the South of Russia and influences the nature of intercultural communications in the region. The study provides examples of the peculiarities of diaspora identities of several ethnic groups in the South of Russia (Armenians, Azerbaijanis, Greeks, Jews, Turks, etc.) It is concluded that diaspora identity as a multi-level sociocultural phenomenon is determined by the processes of intra-diaspora integration and disintegration, the content of migration attitudes and civil identity of diaspora members, and their readiness for intercultural dialogue.
SOCIAL TRUST IN NON-SUBJECTIVE REFERENTS
Despite the social significance of extra-subjective referents in contemporary human life, the concept of trust in such referents remains poorly integrated within sociological discourse. Typically, it is mostly explored within philosophical frameworks and practical contexts related to these types of non-subjective referents. In today's society, there is a lack of consensus regarding the application of the term "trust" in relation to inanimate objects, including extra-subjective referents, as their operation and existence are not directly tied to people and their work.
This study investigates people's trust in extra-subjective referents, such as information systems, artificial intelligence, the technosphere, scientific knowledge, and electronic services (such as banking and government). It examines the subject-oriented concept of social behavior and the extra-subjective approach through the lens of intentional actions undertaken by individuals when establishing trust in non-subjective referents. The hypothesis of an extra-subjective relationship is to deny the intentionality of the subject’s actions and involves the creation of social reality based on ontology and prerequisites that are not related to mental and interpsychic phenomena. Key factors influencing trust in extra-subjective referents include the subject's knowledge, skills, abilities, professional expertise, awareness of the object of trust, and self-trust as a professional or user.
SCIENCE AND ETHICS IN THE CONCEPT OF M. WEBER: ANALYSIS OF CORRELATIVE RELATIONSHIPS
The article deals with the problem of ethics and the significance of science within the conceptual framework developed by Max Weber, the renowned German sociologist. The authors note that Weber`s main works focus on fairly general socio-philosophical problems as a moral and ethical part of science. The study analyzes the position of the scientist on the role of scientific discussion, which plays an important role in relation to ideals and moral norms. According to the scientist, the moral dimension of human life lacks rational justifiability, which emerges as a logical consequence of his conception of reason and scientific knowledge and frees ethics from the dignity of science. It does not allow the extension of the logical discourse inherent in science to facts that are by their nature not precisely predictable and incalculable. The author notes that M. Weber's research is also interesting because it establishes a connection between traditions (religious, national), the way of life of the people and economic relations. The development of a number of ideas of M. Weber in neopositivism and analytical philosophy is shown. It is concluded that Weber's ideas hold significant relevance for contemporary scholars and sociology as a whole.
YOUTH IN DIGITAL SOCIETY
The article examines the digital, information society and its impact on the process of socialization of youth. Acknowledging that modern youth primarily spend a significant portion of their time in the virtual realm, preferring it over real-life experiences, a consequential shift in their life strategies has become apparent. In turn, the digitalization of society has an impact on the development of various forms of deviation among young people, including both positive and negative aspects.
In modern society, young people exhibit various negative forms of behavior, such as alcoholism, crime, drug addiction and suicide. In addition, there are new forms of negative deviation, such as gambling addiction, cyberbullying, hacking and Internet addiction. Notably, the online sphere is progressively evolving into a breeding ground for conflicts rooted in nationality, religion, and political ideologies among the youth. In this regard, the issue of taking preventive measures, as well as effective social control of deviation among young people, becomes relevant.
Factors of networking and digitalization of the information space can also increase the risk of suicidal behavior among young people. Social networks and the Internet provide endless opportunities for communication and information, but they can also become a source of dangerous suicidal influence.
ManagementKETOVA N.P., LYSOCHENKO A.A., OVCHINNIKOV V.N.ECO-INNOVATIONS MANAGEMENT IS A TOOL FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ENSURING THE REGIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
The issues of eco-innovation potential use to ensure a sustainable development of the region environmental systems are considered. Different eco-innovations use nature-like technologies in production and economic activity in accordance to the principle of "harmony with nature". Indeed, production, technological and organizational eco-innovations are focused on ensuring the reproduction of the reproductive potential of the natural ecosystem through the use of effective resource-saving technologies to reduce the anthropogenic and technology pressure on the environment. Also, closed-cycle economy technologies ensure the process of natural metabolism and industrial symbiosis. Progressive agricultural practices in include minimum and no-tillage deep tillage, the use of a conceptual system of agro-landscape strips and technologies and technologies ensuring the effect of resource decoupling and decoupling of the impact on environmentá decoupling of the impact on the ecosystem and waste decoupling.
A UNIQUE TRADE OFFER FOR THE COMPANY TO SELECT THE OPTIMAL SEGMENT OF THE MARKET
The issue of creating a unique trade offer based on the choice of the optimal market segment on the example of a construction company is studied. The characteristic image of the enterprise assortment products consumer has been presented. Implementation measures for creating a unique trade offer based on market segmentation have been developed. It is concluded that a unique trade offer contribute to the increase in demand for the real estate market as well as the motivation of consumer behavior.
LEAN PRODUCTION CONCEPT: BASIC PRINCIPLES AND MODERN TOOLS
The essence of the lean production concept has been considered. Basic lean production principles have been indicated and disclosed. They reflect the rules for the concept implementation in the enterprise production system. Modern philosophy tools have been identified analyzed, and a positive effect has been indicated. It is concluded that the use of lean manufacturing tools use is a promising method of reducing company costs and losses and acts as an effective way to increase its competitiveness.
ReviewsKuyok M.G.«Cultural traditions and art education» a collection of scientific works / edi-tors: A. N. Sokolova, M. Sh. Abdulaeva. – Maikop; Makhachkala: ASU, 2023. – Iss. 2. – 130 p.
MathematicsTlyachev V.B., Ushkho D.S.On limit cycles of quadratic differential systems having two focuses**
Sufficient conditions are obtained for the absence of limit cycles in quadratic systems having two and only two simple equilibrium states in the phase plane, if these equilibrium states are focuses. With the help of affine transformations of phase variables, criteria are determined that allow us to distinguish from the set of all quadratic systems a class of systems having two and only two simple equilibrium states. Examples confirming the formulated statements are given.
Technical SciencesBuchatskiy P.Yu., Teploukhov S.V., Onishchenko S.V., Lisov D.N., Vorobeva I.N.Assessment of the impact of the introduction of renewable energy sources on the cost of electricity in the region
The use of various types of renewable energy sources (RES) around the world is becoming more widespread every year, as many countries adhere to energy transformation policies that include many different points, the main of which is to maximize the level of carbon-free energy and transition to cleaner types of energy. For a long time, many people has been skeptical about the use of renewable energy as the main types of energy production due to their high cost in comparison with traditional energy. However, the development of energy conversion technologies has made it possible to increase the efficiency of energy converters and reduce the cost of their production, as a result of which, over the past few years, there has been a decrease in the cost of energy produced using alternative energy sources. It may be noted that in countries that have exhausted their reserves of hydrocarbons resources, or have them in limited quantities, the cost of renewable energy is lower compared to traditional energy. The situation is somewhat differ-ent in countries with vast reserves of hydrocarbon resources, which, in particular, includes Russia. In this regard, a study has been carried out that made it possible to assess the impact of the integration of RES into the general energy system of the region on the process of forming elec-tricity tariffs. The Republic of Adygea was chosen as the region for the study, since this region is energy-deficient and has large generation stations based on the use of alternative energy located on its territory. To conduct an empirical study, data on the amount of electricity tariffs before the commissioning of the stations and after their launch were used, various types of regressions and clustering methods were considered as methods. The results of the study showed that there is a strong relationship between the process of involving RES in the energy system of the region and the formation of prices, as a result of which there is a change in the trend of tariff growth.
Overview and comparison of ways to implement the interface of iOS applications
The main methods of interface layout in mobile applications for the iOS system, selection of criteria for their comparison are considered. A comparative analysis of the existing layout methods was carried out according to the selected criteria. Based on practical experience, a brief description of each discussed method of creating an interface for the iOS application is also given.
Algorithm and convergence analysis of the federated learning model of flight a drone swarm
The purpose of this study is to review and analyze the application of a relatively new and well–proven machine learning methodology for a distributed information collection and processing system – federated model training used to fly a swarm of drones as a group of agents in terms of transferring accumulated data and training an artificial intelligence model. The scheme of federal training for a group of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) is described. Special attention is paid to the concept of convergence in machine learning.
Climate change as a factor of regional changes in energy consumption (natural gas, electricity)
The work is devoted to the analysis of climatic data and data of heat and electric power of enterprises on the example of the Labinsky district of the Krasnodar Territory. The article identifies trends in the dynamics of the useful supply of natural gas and electricity to consumers of the Labinsk region, determines the relationship and prospects of energy consumption, taking into ac-count, both in general, with regional climate changes, and in the context of seasons, taking into account local climatic features of the area under consideration. Long-term data, based on the results of the analysis of which conclusions were drawn, were directly collected: on the surface air temperature in the Krasnodar VS FSUE (hereinafter KVS) and at the Labinsk Weather Sta-tion of the North Caucasian UGMS branch of the North Caucasian UGMS FSUE (hereinafter MS Labinsk); on vacation, gas and electricity consumption, private sector consumers and to le-gal entities, in the Municipal Unitary Enterprise of Labinsk “Thermal Networks”, in the Labinsk branch of JSC Gazprom Gas Distribution Krasnodar, in the Labinsk branch of JSC NESK, in the Labinsk branch of PJSC Rosseti Kuban. As a result of the analysis, it was found that climate change leads to ambiguous changes in the dynamics of energy consumption (consumption). With an increase in surface air temperature, there is a steady tendency to save resources in the district’s thermal power industry, at the same time it is questionable for the electric power industry.
Conceptual bases for realization of human-machine interaction
The paper presents an overview of research in the field of organization of human-machine systems, defines a possible scheme for building system intelligence as an instrument for implementing decision-making processes in complex information systems with many different intellectual agents, implying a complex interaction of various types of intelligence depending on the existing level of non-certainty in the system at a specific stage of its functioning.
The methodology of forecasting and probabilistic statistical analysis of environmental risks in alternative energy in the mountainous region
For analyze the possible impact of environmental risks on generator sets using renewable ener-gy sources in mountainous conditions, a methodology for forecasting (using a stochastic matrix) and probabilistic analysis (using the Monte Carlo method) of environmental risks in alternative energy is proposed. An algorithm for the implementation of a methodology for probabilistic analysis of the influence of external factors on a generator set is presented, which allows predicting measures to reduce the influence of negative factors, thereby improving the energy possibilities of improving the quality of life and life safety in remote mountainous regions.
MemoryBuchatskaya V.V., Buchatsky P.Y., Shopin A.V., Teploukhov S.V., Onishchenko S.V.Simankov Vladimir Sergeevich (1947 – 2023)
Emtyl Zaurkan Kamboletovich (1945 – 2023)
GENERAL PEDAGOGY, HISTORY OF PEDAGOGY AND EDUCATIONBulakh K.V., Shuleshko E.S., Petkov V.A.ASSESSMENT OF THE CONDITIONS OF PREPARATION FOR THE DEMONSTRATION EXAM BY COLLEGE STUDENTS AS A FACTOR IN ENHANCING THE QUALITY OF STATE FINAL CERTIFICATION
This article explores the significance of considering college students' assessment of the conditions of their preparation for the demonstration exam. It has been discovered that the success of passing this exam depends on various factors established within a professional educational institution. These factors include the presence of a suitable infrastructural environment, alterations made to the educational setting within the institution, and the organization of both theoretical and practical training, as well as psychological preparation for the demonstration exam. Encouraging student-teacher feedback regarding the preparation for the demonstration exam will enable college educators to address a range of questions, including whether principles of equality and justice are upheld during the preparation and conduct of the examination and how effectively the professional educational institution carries out the task of training and preparing its students for the demonstration exam. Additionally, weaknesses in the preparation process for the demonstration exam can also be identified through this feedback.
A systematic analysis of students' opinions has revealed specific aspects of their perception of the conditions necessary for preparing for the demonstration exam. Considering these factors will assist professional educational organizations in identifying and addressing potential problems that may hinder the effectiveness of students during the demonstration exam procedure. Furthermore, this analysis will enable these organizations to develop pedagogical strategies aimed at optimizing students' preparation for the demonstration exam.
The reflection upon and using the results of a student survey by college instructors allows for the identification of promising areas of improvement within the college's educational processes. These areas may include modifications to the curriculum, updates to educational equipment, enhancements to the qualifications of instructors, and the effective application of pedagogical technologies. Moreover, the availability of necessary resources, the development of tailored educational programs, and support for students with special educational needs are equally essential.
The practical implementation of these measures will ultimately lead to an enhancement in the quality of both students' professional training and the overall state final certification of college graduates.
PROJECTS IN THE EDUCATIONAL WORK OF UNIVERSITY: FORMATION OF SOCIAL AND POLITICAL BELIEFS OF STUDENTS
The purpose of the article is to consider the possibilities of involving students in projects as an important part of the educational work of the university in shaping the social and political beliefs of students. The aim is to examine the history of the formation of projects and project management as well as approaches to understanding the essence of the project, stages of project management and their content in order to form the socio-political beliefs of students. As a result, the concept and historical aspects of the development of project management theory, the stages and content of project activities for educational purposes have been considered. The importance of the project approach to involving youth in various projects in order to form the socio-political beliefs of students is revealed. The main directions of student involvement into projects are given in order to form students’ socio-political beliefs, their civic position and patriotic education.
GAMING DIDACTIC SPACE AS A MEANS OF PEDAGOGICAL SUPPORT FOR PRESCHOOL CHILDREN’S PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT
The study of children's gaming subculture in the context of training and education in a preschool educational organization (PEO) has sparked interest in exploring the personal development opportunities that gaming activities offer within the framework of a preschool institution's gaming didactic space. The successful development of a preschooler's personality entails implementing the principles of humanistic pedagogy and psychology, which involves providing pedagogical and psychological support. This support is a process or system of activities that aim to fully uncover the child's personal potential in overcoming social, psychological, and personal difficulties. This article delves into the essence, content, and structure of a preschool educational organization's gaming didactic space. The authors view pedagogical support as an integral part of the child's socialization, where assistance is provided to develop their personality through mechanisms such as understanding, acceptance, recognition, self-representation, and self-extension. The primary function of pedagogical support is to facilitate the child's personal development by identifying and nurturing their potential capabilities and creating favorable conditions for their realization. The key idea behind the experimental work on organizing pedagogical support is purposely selecting appropriate content, methods, and forms of pedagogical influences through gaming to enhance the child's cognitive, behavioral, emotional, and communicative spheres. Based on this, an author's program was developed and implemented. To assess the child's personal developmental characteristics and the effectiveness of pedagogical interaction, questionnaires were created for educators and parents. The adapted method of R. Gilles was used to evaluate interpersonal relationships and children's perceptions of peers, parents, and teachers. The experimental work demonstrated positive progress in the development of fundamental personal qualities and characteristics in children, validating the effectiveness of our play-based didactic space approach to organizing pedagogical support for preschoolers.
PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL FEATURES OF GIFTED STUDENTS' DEVELOPMENT IN MODERN SOCIO-CULTURAL CONDITIONS
This article presents a psychological and pedagogical characteristics of the phenomenon of child giftedness in modern socio-cultural conditions, where there is a discrepancy between the personal position of directing the development of individual characteristics (talent) and the socio-cultural environment as a negative factor, demonstrating the market situation and therefore hindering the self-realization of students in the process of socialization and self-determination in the future professional sphere. The features of giftedness development as an element of students' personality structure are revealed; the basic content components of the concept of "socio-cultural space" are described in terms of the risks of socialization of gifted students; the types of students' giftedness are defined (intellectual, athletic, technical, artistic-creative, leadership, socio-communicative, moral); attention is drawn to the differentiation of types of giftedness within the framework of early career guidance; threats and opportunities for the socialization of gifted children are analyzed; practical recommendations are given for organizing the educational process for students with different types of giftedness, taking into account the three-way interaction of educational relationship subjects (family, educators, students) in terms of psychological-pedagogical support of gifted students; based on the conducted research, strategies for the development of individual educational routes for gifted students are determined, which include three main modules: educational, social, and cultural, as well as the conditions for their implementation in educational practice, taking into account the features of the regional socio-cultural space.
VOLUNTEERING IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS AS A MEANS OF SOCIALIZATION OF THE YOUNGER GENERATION
Recent socio-political events in Russia have highlighted several challenges in educating the younger generation. These challenges pose a potentially negative impact on the state and society. They include the decline of traditional moral values, the decrease in patriotic sentiments and civic responsibility, the prevalence of consumeristic attitudes towards others, and the overall social immaturity of adolescents and young people. In order to address these issues, it is necessary to have a clear understanding of the powerful factors that contribute to juvenile delinquency, anti-social behavior, and other negative behaviors among young citizens. It is crucial to organize efforts to neutralize and prevent the activation of these factors in the future. It is important to recognize that asocial and antisocial behavior among young people often stems from their need for socially significant actions and involvement in collective causes or groups, rather than from destructive beliefs. Therefore, tackling the dangerous trends in the upbringing and socialization of the younger generation should involve engaging children, adolescents, and young people in alternative activities that have strong moral and educational potential. The objective of this study was to provide theoretical justification for the potential of volunteer activities in physical culture and sports as a means of socialization and education for the younger generation. The results of this study led to the formulation of theoretical propositions, including those on the socializing and educational value of volunteering, the socializing and educational benefits of physical culture and sports, and the potential of physical culture and sports volunteering in optimizing the socialization and education of adolescents and youth.
CHALLENGES IN THE ACQUISITION OF ELEMENTARY COMMUNICATION SKILLS IN CHILDREN WITH MENTAL DISORDERS
This article focuses on the pressing issue of facilitating the development of elementary communication skills in children with mental disorders. Communication skills are crucial for social interaction, forming relationships, and participating in social connections. A key indicator of mental disorders is impaired communicative behavior, characterized by a lack of inclination to engage with others and delayed speech development. Children with mental disorders not only exhibit fear in initiating contact but also struggle to respond when approached by others. The aim of this study is to investigate the challenges associated with cultivating elementary communication skills in children with mental disorders. The research was conducted at the Municipal Budgetary Institution "Center for Psychological, Pedagogical, Medical and Social Assistance" in the city of Maykop, Republic of Adyghea, involving children aged 5-10 years with mental disabilities. The examination of communication skill development in these children employed the "Assessment of Social and Communication Skills" questionnaire, comprising four stages: conversation, interviewing, communicative temptations and provocations, modeling of communicative situations. In addition, a survey was developed and administered to parents of children with mental disabilities as part of our research. The unique characteristics of elementary communication skills in children with mental disorders are evident in their difficulties socializing due to deficiencies in key communication skills. These children exhibit detachment from their surroundings, fear of establishing new social connections, and a lack of motivation to maintain existing ones. Understanding the challenges involved in developing elementary communication skills in children with mental disabilities will guide tutors in their interventions and promote positive socialization and adaptation of the child in society.
THEORY AND METHODOLOGY OF TEACHING AND EDUCATIONChermit K.D., Bersirova S.A., Tikhonova I.V., Bersirov B.M.MECHANISMS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF VALUE ORIENTATIONS IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN GRADES 5-6 IN A DISTANCE LEARNING ENVIRONMENT (BASED ON FOREIGN LANGUAGES)
The advancement of society and communication capabilities have created new opportunities for global development through the integration of digital technologies and the Internet. This shift is primarily driven by globalization, a social development pattern that cannot be prohibited. In order to achieve desired goals, society must comprehend the essence of these processes and utilize them appropriately.
One area where globalization tools are utilized is in the integration of distance technologies in education and personal development. However, the use of distance learning not only presents pedagogical opportunities, but also brings about various pedagogical risks. Therefore, the implementation of distance learning and education should aim to maximize opportunities while minimizing associated risks. Unfortunately, the abrupt introduction of distance learning during the pandemic has hindered the creation of well-thought-out systems in domestic education.
This article examines the potential and conditions for incorporating distance learning when teaching foreign languages to schoolchildren. By analyzing the learning process and personality development of students, we uncover mechanisms that motivate adolescents to achieve educational goals, overcome challenges related to the learning process, and understand and incorporate the objectives of the learning and upbringing processes.
We theoretically substantiate the main mechanisms that shape students' learning needs and value orientations in the context of distance learning, and establish criteria for evaluating the impact of these mechanisms. The pedagogical experiment reveals positive increases in academic knowledge, interest, and a positive emotional attitude towards the subject, as well as enhanced motivation for learning. This affirms the viability of utilizing mechanisms that develop students' learning needs and value orientations in the context of distance learning for specific subjects.
PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND VOCATIONAL PHYSICAL TRAININGKuprina N.K., Verzhbitskaya E.G., Tkhakumacheva Yu.B., Baste A.K., Shishkhova A.Sh.PROFILING THE VOCATIONAL AND APPLIED TRAINING OF FUTURE PRIMARY CLASS TEACHERS IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION
This study aims to examine and analyze the organization of professional and applied training for future primary class teachers in physical education, with an emphasis on the concept of profiling. The principle of profiling is crucial in meeting the professional and personal needs of individuals, thereby preparing them for diverse future activities. By examining the current federal state educational standard for higher education in pedagogical education and exploring the professional activities of future primary school teachers in physical education, this research highlights the unique aspects of physical education and provides insight into the content of their professional and applied training. The study establishes various directions for profiling, including cultivating a conscious attitude towards physical culture values, teaching methods that focus on developing primary school children's physical culture components, training in organizing independent physical education classes within families, addressing negative health phenomena, organizing the daily routine and active recreation for primary schoolchildren, and more. The research underscores the need for allocating sufficient time for both theoretical and practical classes to support effective profiling in professional and applied training. Future state standards should consider dedicating specific instructional hours for the profiling of future primary school teachers in physical education and master the corresponding content of knowledge.
DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF HOMEWORK SYSTEM IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION CLASSES IN HIGH SCHOOL
This article highlights the crucial role of educational homework in enhancing the effectiveness and quality of general education in the field of physical culture. It presents data demonstrating the extensive potential for utilizing electronic learning systems (specifically, the educational website of the Russian electronic school – RES), educational and methodological complexes (subject lines), and special additional literature. The research findings presented within the article demonstrate the highly effective nature of independent home study work conducted by students in physical culture, provided that teachers are meticulous in selecting and organizing tasks, as well as ensuring systematic quality control of homework. These findings establish that a methodically competent approach to organizing independent educational activities in physical culture through homework significantly improves the overall quality of physical education. This improvement is achieved by fostering genuine interest and enthusiasm among high school students in completing diverse and high-quality homework tasks related to the academic subject "Physical Culture," which includes both physical and intellectual, as well as creative components. Consequently, this approach facilitates the development of independent physical culture and sports skills, the incorporation of regular physical exercise into students' daily routines, and a substantial reduction in the deficiency of physical activity, which is a crucial factor in promoting good health and enhancing physical development and motor fitness levels.
THE CONTENT AND RESULTS OF IMPLEMENTING THE MODEL OF ORGANIZING MOTOR ACTIVITY FOR WOMEN IN THE PRE-RETIREMENT AGE GROUP
Given the increasing retirement age, it is crucial to maintain optimal physical fitness and socio-psychological well-being for individuals in the pre-retirement age group, particularly women. This study aims to develop and empirically justify a model for organizing physical activity specifically designed for women in the pre-retirement age group. The objectives of the study are to identify effective principles and components of physical culture that contribute to organizing physical activities for women in this age group and to experimentally validate the model's effectiveness. Analysis of the experimental model's implementation reveals significant improvements in socio-psychological well-being indicators, such as life satisfaction, satisfaction with social interaction, emotional stability, socio-psychological adaptability, self-attitude, anxiety, and overall assessment of socio-psychological well-being. The experimental results also demonstrate notable enhancements in body weight, body mass index, flexibility, speed, dynamic strength, speed endurance, general endurance, Contrex-2 test scores, health level, attitude towards health, and the degree of physical activity.
PHYSICAL EDUCATION AS A RESOURCE FOR COMPETITIVE PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT IN AN EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT
In modern science and practice, there is a confirmed need for the full implementation of the capabilities of physical culture (in all its components) to improve the quality of vocational education through the formation of important personal qualities, strengthening the health of future specialists, and developing the ability to function successfully in a competitive environment. Within the framework of this issue, a sufficient number of different subject studies have been carried out over the past 30 years. The psychological, pedagogical and sociological elements of this discourse led to the formation of fairly stable ideas regarding the competitive qualities of an individual, as well as the variety of factors in the development of competitiveness. A generalization of research allows us to assert with a high degree of confidence that there is a whole complex of qualities, characteristics, and personality traits, on the one hand, which act as indicators of one’s physical, social, and psychological health, and on the other hand, which are a necessary condition or indicator of the development of competitiveness. It is logical that if competitive qualities and human health indicators are interconnected, then it is advisable and possible to develop them in tandem. To design and organize such a complex, competitive, developmental and health-forming educational process, it is necessary to rely on a number of scientific and theoretical knowledge that needs to be supplemented and specified. The above determined the purpose of this study - a theoretical and empirical substantiation of the potential resourcefulness of physical culture for the competitive development of the personality of subjects of education.
METHODOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATIONBogdanova T.S., Kobachevskaya S.M., Perevyshina N.Yu.DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF STUDENTS OF PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITIES OF BELARUS TO THE FORMATION OF FUNCTIONAL LITERACY OF SCHOOLCHILDREN THROUGH THE MEANS OF MUSICAL ART
The formation of functional literacy of students in the field of musical art necessitates the implementation of a competency-oriented approach to the professional training of future music teachers. In this article, professional competence is considered as an integrative concept, including a complex of psychological, pedagogical and musical knowledge, skills, as well as professionally significant personal qualities of a music teacher. The purpose of the study is to determine pedagogical conditions that contribute to increasing the effectiveness of the development of professional competence in students towards the formation of functional literacy of students in the field of musical art.
The objectives of the study were to develop a set of special professional competencies aimed at developing students’ functional literacy in various areas of professional activity; determination of the stages of formation of functional literacy of schoolchildren in the system of general secondary education and identification of the specifics of training teaching staff. As a result of the study, it was proven that the basis for the formation of professional competence is practice-oriented and interactive technologies of music education, meaningfully integrated with the disciplines of the psychological and pedagogical cycle. Functional literacy in the field of musical art is considered in the context of the content of professional training of future music teachers, which will ensure their successful self-realization in professional teaching activities.
ENHANCING THE PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF SCHOOLTEACHERS: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF BEST PRACTICES IN SINGAPORE, CHINA, AND JAPAN
The research presented in this article is driven by the imperative to address the novel challenges faced by the education system in adapting to the requirements of modern globalism. These challenges demand the effective training of pedagogical and managerial staff in the field of general education. The transformation of school education in various countries around the world, in response to the goals of sustainable development, is the subject of international scrutiny, as evidenced by documents such as the European Commission's "Teachers in Europe: Career, Development and Well-being" report, the UNESCO report "Teachers in the Asia-Pacific Region: Status and Rights," the UNESCO education development strategy "Rethinking the Future of Education," as well as the objectives of the Russian Federation's national project "Education," which aims to enhance the global competitiveness of Russian education and its integration into the international educational arena. This article aims to analyze the best practices of Asia-Pacific countries in the development of career trajectories for teaching staff in general education institutions. The research methodology employed includes a theoretical analysis of normative legal acts governing the general education systems in Singapore, China, and Japan; an analysis of official online resources of federal and regional educational authorities in the Asia-Pacific region; an examination of official online resources of general education institutions in Singapore, China, and Japan; and a review of academic literature from both domestic and foreign sources related to the research question. The findings of the analysis form the basis for: 1) identifying the main trends that should be considered in the planning and implementation of activities aimed at providing organizational and methodological support for the professional development and career advancement of teaching and managerial staff in general education institutions in Moscow; and 2) delineating the key components of activities aimed at providing such support. The study concludes by outlining the key components necessary for the organizational and methodological support of professional development and career advancement of teaching and managerial staff in general education institutions in Moscow.
REGIONAL AND SECTORAL ECONOMYFareed Hussein AhmedASSOCIATED NATURAL GAS IN OIL FIELDS AND PROBLEMS OF INVESTMENT IN FIELDS OF BASRA CITY IN IRAQ
Natural gas is considered one of the most important sources of hydrocarbon energy. This is due to its repeated industrial use, as well as the fact that gas is one of the financial incomes through the export of gas condensate, which is especially important during a period of declining oil prices. The article discusses the issues of investment in associated natural gas in oil fields in the Basra province of Iraq and the problems facing its processing and flaring of associated natural gas in oil fields in the Basra province. From 2003 to the present, Iraq has been burning natural gas into the atmosphere and not investing properly in natural gas processing due to administrative and financial corruption. In addition, Iraq imports gas from Iran at a very high cost without using its own natural gas. Currently, the Iraqi government has developed a plan to extract natural gas in Iraq. All associated natural gas wells will be invested and used to operate power plants, which should lead to stability in electricity production in Iraq.
EPISTEMOLOGY OF A SPATIALLY NETWORKED APPROACH TO THE ORGANIZATION, FUNCTIONING AND DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONAL SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC SYSTEMS
Epistemological basis for the spatial and economic networks formation, as a modern model organization of productive force in the frame of regional social and economic systems from the standpoint of economic genetics and evolutionary economics have been presented. Reconstruction of the scientific thought logic is being carried out to find effective and rational forms of economic space structuring. A meaningful chain of model developments has been built in accordance with this logic. Four methodological crises determined by the exhaustion of the transformative potential of conceptual ideas for each chronological period have been identified with the temporal approach method. The transition from cumulative concentrated forms of structuring organization economic space to spatial and economic networks models has justified. Conditions for starting the processes of economic space network on the basis of social and economic systems have been formulated. The research results complement, expand and modify methodological postulates of modern theory of space economics, and they can be used in further fundamental studies in the relevant subject and thematic area.
THE AIC FISHING SUB-COMPLEX PRODUCTION AND MARKETING STRATEGY MARKETING ANALYSIS
The issues of agricultural marketing and its impact on the marketing aspects of the consumer goods consumption in the agricultural products, food and raw materials markets have been studied. The analysis of the industrial and household activities of the Russian Federation fisheries complex efficiency as well as the dynamics indicators of the number of enterprises, the average annual number of employees and the balance of profitability of sales has been carried out. The production dynamics, the fishery and aquaculture products’ sales volume as well as the fish production index, the share of fish and seafood in the total volume of food products in the food market have been studied. From the marketing aspects standpoint, Russian Federation households; segmentation has been carried out, taking into account the number of under the age of majority children in a family and the level of per capita income. In addition, the dynamics of fish products and seafood consumption depending on the underlying factors has been analyzed.
ANALYSIS METHODOLOGY AND FOOD SUPPLY LEVEL FORECASTING IN RUSSIAN FEDERATION REGIONS
Methods of econometric modeling of complicated regional economic system processes defining the search and opportunities of advanced development on the example of regional food product system have been presented. Economical and mathematical literature forecast and analytical models of supply and demand of agrarian food products have been analyzed. The proposed modeling technique ensures the interaction of the agricultural raw materials’ producers and consumers. It is noticed that the population of our country has been provided by all kinds of foods. Although, a very low level of dairy products consumption amounting to 70% percent of the standard has been noticed last few years. On the basis of statics the conclusion has been made on the relationship between consumption of main food types and the average per capita income of the population. Significant differentiation of regions in terms of income and food consumption has been noted.
SUBSTANTIVE ASPECTS OF ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM’S EFFICIENCY ASSESSMENT
It is necessary to compare the costs and the effectiveness of management actions to evaluate the effectiveness of any management system. The criteria of management actions effectiveness and the electronics industry waste disposal have been considered. Ii is written in Waste Management Hierarchy, enshrined in Directive No. 75/442. The evaluation criteria of different waste management strategies (based on the Hierarchy) and economic and environmental aspects have been presented. Analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, comparison and statistical methods have been used in the study. The system of electronic waste management is the structure formed to control administrative institution on the waste processes. The management subjects can be government bodies and other stockholders. The main management goal is to reduce waste and minimize waste impact on the environment. Recyclable materials sale and reuse of waste can be considered as potential sources and the receipt of income.
LAND RESOURCES RATIONAL USE IN SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS (ON PERM REGION MATERIALS)
Spatial development is relevant in today’s context of food security. It is impossible to solve the problems without efficient use of resources. The problems of unclaimed lands and their involvement in economic turnover in Perm region’s spatial development projects are studied. The scientific materials collected during the field surveys allow to analyze a modern agricultural production. Factors which affect the land use costs reduction are analyzed on the examples of regional agricultural and technological parks “Permsky” and “Intellect-Agro”. The connection between the successful implementation of innovative projects and land resources rational use is revealed. The study contributes to the improvement of the innovative integrated structures concept. Technology parks can involve unused land in economic turnover. Agricultural land economic use analysis allows to be aware of current condition of land ownership and land use price policy. Food market participants are recommended to use digital opportunities more actively. The national projects implementation allows agricultural farms to use unclaimed land and improve rural areas people’s life quality.
SCENARIOS FOR COGNITIVE RESEARCH OF INDUSTRIAL COMPLEXES (MODELED ON THE SOUTHERN FEDERAL DISTRICT)
In the context of the imposed economic sanctions and the escalation of the geopolitical situation in the world, our country needs to restore and develop the national industry. For the systematic development of all industries, it is necessary to clearly understand what and how much the country needs to produce means of production. To do this, it is necessary to restore and develop new planning methods. This article presents one of the scenarios for the development of the industrial complex of the Southern Federal District through the use of modeling tools - cognitive modeling. The authors conducted a PEST analysis to determine external factors affecting the industrial complex of the Southern Federal District. As a result, the types of industrial production for the subjects of the Southern Federal District were determined, the industrial development programs of the subjects of the Southern Federal District were analyzed, since in the federal district under study there is no program for the industrial complex of the federal district, indicative, control and regulatory peaks were identified. Based on the results, one of the scenarios for the development of a complex system was developed - the industrial complex of the Southern Federal District, occupying.
DIRECT FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR SMALL BUSINESSES IN THE SOUTHERN FEDERAL DISTRICT REGIONS
The relevance of the study is due to the fact that small business is an important element of the modern economy, which makes a significant contribution to the regions’ social sustainability and the country as a whole, provides employment for the population and replenishment of the budget. However, in modern reality, micro and small enterprises have become the most vulnerable business entities and need state financial support. The work is aimed at identifying the main directions of financial support for small businesses in the Southern Federal District. The support should be based on the principle of long-term sustainability and in a timely manner when economic, epidemiological and political situation changes and the performance of small business entities deteriorates is analyzed through the analysis of statistical data. Horizontal, vertical, and comparative methods have been used to analyze the dynamics of small business financial support indicators in the Southern Federal District regions. The analysis confirms the relevance of financial support for small business entities. Proposals aimed at optimizing financial support measures for small business in the Southern Federal District have been presented.
FORECASTING AUTOMATION OF THE AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES BASIC INDICATORS
Forecasting is a powerful tool for targeted agricultural management. The agricultural sector is one of the most difficult forecasting objects because of number of objective and subjective factors that ensure its normal functioning and development. Monitoring of unstable climate changes must be done in the areas growing grain crops. The forecasting goal is to combine the creation of mathematical and modern technologies which can increase the productivity of researchers and the accuracy of the expected forecast results. It is based on outdated technologies and use different databases averages, which often conflict with each other. Grain yield forecasting methods do not meet the requirements of modern society. Therefore, the development of an automated system containing innovative technologies for collecting data from fields and constructing flexible yield forecast scenarios is an urgent task.
MARKETING ASPECTS OF THE INTRODUCTION OF DIGITAL TWINS TECHNOLOGY IN THE REGIONAL AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS MARKETS
Marketing interpretation of the processes of the introduction and the implementation of digital twins as a farm management technology has been presented. It separates physical flows from planning and to control as components of marketing strategies. As a result, farmers can control operations on-line based on digital information instead of relying on direct observation and manual operations on site. In this context, it is possible to respond quickly to deviations and model the effects of interventions based on real data. Marketing analysis of the digital twins’ impact on farms and the strategy of digitalization of agriculture has been carried out. Also, conceptual management model based on digital twins has been justified. The material can be used in further research in industrial economics and agricultural marketing.
VERIFICATION OF ENGELS AND SCHWABE STATISTICAL “LAWS” ON THE EMPIRICAL BASE OF INTERREGIONAL COMPARISONS AND NATIONAL LEVEL OF THE AGGREGATION FUNCTION OF ECONOMIC SYSTEMS
The relevance of the article is due to the fact that assessing the quality of life of the population economists use relative indicators measuring of consumption structure. The work analyzes the level and structure of population consumption in the studied regions. These indicators have been proven to be the most important factors of the territories’ socio-economic development. It has been shown that over time the consumption structure of Russian regions residents is approaching the predicted theoretical values. Thus, Engel and Schwabe statistical laws are verified. It has been revealed that according to these indicators, the Black Earth cluster population’s living standard is lower than the Russian average; all six analyzed regions are agricultural regions with a high proportion of subsistence farming. Income growth correlates with the likelihood that the region will fall under the influence of statistical laws.
THE THEORY OF LITERATUREAkhmetova D.A.Genre of the novel in Adyghe literature of the late 20th - early 21st centuries
The article aims to study Adyghe novelistic literature of the late 20th – early 21st centuries, its important issues, main directions, and most interesting features. It examines an important stage in the history of the national novel, the scientific synthesis of the experience of Adyghe writers in this field of literature. The characteristic features and trends of the contemporary Ady-ghe novel are revealed, as well as the influence of time and social, moral, and aesthetic problems. The novels of the 1990s and the beginning of the 21st century are characterized by the democratization and humanism of artistic creativity, the acceleration of transformative processes reflecting the change in ideological orientations and reassessment of established artistic values. The authors' bold innovation, the diversity of stylistic solutions in the novel combining elements of different artistic systems (realism, modernism, postmodernism), and the creation of new modifications of epic genres (mythoepic, polyfunctional, philosophical novel in the realm of magical realism) are noted.
Reflection of the evolution of enlightenment in the writer’s work (based on the material of Adyghe literature of the 20-30s of the XX century)
This research examines the evolution of educational ideas during the era of revolutionary transformations in the Russian cultural space during the 20-30s of the XX century. Specifically, the focus is on the reflection of the formation of a new model of Enlightenment in the early prose works of Adyghe, Kabardian, and Circassian literature. By analyzing the artistic features of journalism and short prose, this study aims to uncover the typological characteristics of the multinational literature during its initial stages.
Genre typology and artistic specificity of Adyghe historical and revolutionary prose of the XX century
This article explores the genre-typological features and artistic specificity of Adyghe historical and revolutionary prose of the XX century. Through an examination of the works of prom-inent Adyghe writers such as I. Tsey, T. Kerashev, A. Evtykh, Yu. Tlyusten, D. Kostanov, I. Mashbash, Kh. Ashinov, and N. Kuyok, a comprehensive historical and literary analysis is conducted. This analysis provides a holistic understanding of the genre and artistic development of national historical-revolutionary prose, tracing its inception and the formation of genres, and fol-lowing its development and evolution until the mid-1920s and the post-Soviet period.
RUSSIAN LITERATURE AND THE LITERATURE OF THE ETHNIC GROUPS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATIONMu JiaweiDeath as a sign system - seeking eternity by Boris Pasternak in “Doctor Zhivago”
The article is devoted to the analysis of the sign system of death in the novel “Doctor Zhivago”. The binary system between “life” and “death” is a common genre in literature, but B. Pasternak does not intend to emphasize the conflict between them, he is not attached to the tran-sience of life. This work is a record of the author's reflections on life and his seeking for eternity. The article is based on Yu. Lotman's theory of cultural semiotics, using the semiosphere theory to analyze and study this novel. The sign system of “death” is represented by such symbols as grave, funeral, people's attitude to death, disease, coma, war and so on. The fact that the profession of Yu. Zhivago as a doctor lies on the border between the semiospheres of death and life, is a meta-phor for just such a theme of the novel. The author finds two ways of escape from death - materi-al and spiritual: material - with reliance on the continuation of life in the next generation to achieve the immortality of mankind; and spiritual - with the help of art to bring life to eternity. The novelty of this article lies in the use of semiosphere theory in analyzing the sign system of death and the theme of seeking eternity.
Metamodernist text of the story by A. and I. Shaov “Patient No. 132, or Live here and now”
This paper delves into the realm of metamodernism, focusing on the analysis of a meta-modernist text. By employing the captivating story by Asfar and Ibrahim Shaov, this study un-covers and analyzes the fundamental principles of narrative construction that give rise to the metamodernist discourse within the work. These principles encompass the model of the world, the artistic conceptualization of personality, and the author's strategic choices.
On the uniqueness of Asker Evtykh’s author’s style
This study examines the details of the development of a renowned bilingual author Asker Evtykh's distinctive writing style. Drawing from the analysis of notable works such as "The Street in Its Entire Length," "A Sip of Spring Water," and "Barge", the study uncovers the artist's pro-found linguistic self-awareness, which significantly shapes the genre and structural potency of the author's discourse. By deriving insights from this comprehensive analysis, we are able to address and resolve fundamental inquiries associated with the nature of bilingual creativity.
THEORETICAL, APPLIED AND COMPARATIVE AND CONTRASTIVE LINGUISTICSAlmohammadagha Kh.A.F.Features of updating the components-zoonyms "camel" and "lion" in the phraseology of the Arabic and Russian languages
The article examines the problem of animalistic phraseological units based on the material of Arabic and Russian languages. Phraseological units with components-zoonyms make up a sig-nificant part of the phraseological picture of the world of any national community with a specific linguistic and conceptual picture of the world. The relevance of the work is determined by the need to study the specifics of the implementation of individual animalisms ("camel", "lion") in Arabic and Russian. The study uses a comparative method that helps to identify common and special characteristics of the studied zoonyms as part of phraseological units. As a result of the comparison of phraseological units, a limited number of common meanings in Arabic and Russian have been established. The frequency of the zoonyms "camel" and "lion" in the Arabic language determines not only the differentiation of the meanings of the components in the phraseological units of the Arabic language, but also their ambivalence. Based on the large corpus of phraseological units with components-zoonyms in Arabic and Russian, comparative research in this perspective has an interesting perspective in the direction of studying the problems of intercultural com-munication and translation.
Euphemization and disphemization in modern media discourse (based on French language)
The article aims to study the impact of potential of euphemisms and dysphemisms in verbal transmission of events in mass media. A detailed analysis of euphemisms and dysphemisms in modern French media discourse is presented, and their main functions are revealed. The process of euphemization and disphemization in media discourse is considered as one of the ways of expressing assessment. Euphemisms and dysphemisms are the most effective means of manipulative influence on the consciousness of the mass addressee in media discourse.
The concept of «Traum» in the German artistic worldview (based on the poems of J.W. Goethe)
This article reviews the linguistic and cultural features of the concept «Traum» in the German artistic worldview. The main material for the analysis is represented with the works of the outstanding German poet J.W. Goethe. The aim of the research is to determine by means of cognitive analysis the main features of the concept «Traum» in the individual worldview of J.W. Goethe and its influence on the formation of the German linguistic worldview. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the approach to the study of J. W. Goethe poems by means of the in-dividual worldview and its contribution to the German common worldview. The results obtained allow us to conclude that the concept «Traum» along with such concepts as «Freiheit», «Liebe», «Schönheit», «Wahrheit», «Sicherheit», «Ordnung», «Kraft», «Wille», belongs to the basic con-cepts of the German linguoculture.
Linguocultural and cognitive characteristics of colour concepts in French and Russian languages
The article is devoted to the problem of studying colour concepts in languages of different systems. Specifically, it focuses on the examination of the principal chromatic and achromatic colours within the French and Russian languages, as they serve as the foundation for the development of secondary meanings that possess figurative connotations. It is noted that the actualization of colour meaning is influenced by a combination of linguistic and extralinguistic factors. Methods of conceptualizing colour designations, which are an integral part of the linguistic picture of the world, have been studied. It has been established that in the French and Russian languages the spectrum of colour terms is the same, but at the same time there are significant differ-ences in the perception of colour space among speakers of these languages.
Translingual author: ethnospecific “inclusions” in the text (based on the story by H. Tlif “Son of the Mountains”)
The article aims to explore the communicative and artistic means of presenting the national values in the Russian-speaking linguocultural context, within the sociocultural setting of Adyghe-Russian bilingualism. This bilingualism serves as an intercultural mediator, conveying the individual author's perception of the writer as well as the cognitive-semantic markers of national values. The text analyzes and describes the ethnospecific markers of Adyghe values within the writings of H. Tlif, thereby affirming the anthropocentric approach in the study of translingualism. The central idea argued in the article is that linguistic units are utilized to depict and convey the Adyghe ethnic group's readiness for intercultural dialogue in a multilingual society, thereby presenting the distinct mentality, communicative behavior, and mythology of the Adyghe people to readers in the North Caucasus and the Russian Federation.
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